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Understanding Personality Assessment: Typologies, Traits, and Temperaments

Delve into the nature of personality, typologies, and individual differences. Explore testing methods, temperaments, and environmental influences. Learn about categorical and dimensional approaches to personality assessment. Discover historical theories and contemporary perspectives on personality traits and types.

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Understanding Personality Assessment: Typologies, Traits, and Temperaments

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  1. Personality I First Hour: What is the nature of personality and how can it be assessed? Personality typologies From “Types” to “Traits” Assessing individual differences Personality tests • Unstructured (projective) • Structured (objective)

  2. Personality: “…the unique pattern... ...of enduring psychological characteristics... …by which individuals can be compared…” Temperament: “…characteristic level of reactivity and energy.”

  3. Reactive interactions Evocative interactions Proactive interactions Why doesn’t the same environment produce the same personality?

  4. 5 1 10 “extroverted” “introverted” “introverted” “extroverted” Categorical (Type) approach: “introverted” “extroverted” Dimensional (Trait) approach: Distributional approach:

  5. Blood.Sanguine temperament: cheerful and active Phlegm.Phlegmatic temperament: apathetic and sluggish Black bile.Melancholy temperament: sad and brooding Yellow bile.Choleric temperament: irritable and excitable Hippocrates’ type theory (5th cent. BC)

  6. A B C Endomorphic Mesomorphic Ectomorphic William Sheldon’s somatotypes relating physique to temperament:

  7. Endomorphic type(fat, soft, round): -love of relaxation and comfort Mesomorphic type (muscular, angular): -assertive, physically active Ectomorphic type (thin, long, fragile): -private, self aware, restrained

  8. From “Types” to “Traits” Traits vs. States Unstructured vs., Structured tests • Unstructured (Projective) Tests: Rorschach’s inkblots Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

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