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WRITING ESSAYS FOR PAPER 1 B and Paper 2. Paper 1 A. Paper 1B. Choose one of the three essays One hour App.. 800 words. Answer all three SAQs One hour App.. 250 words. Same assessment criteria as for paper 1 B. Paper 2 SL. Paper 2 HL. Choose two essays, each from different options.
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Paper 1 A Paper 1B Choose one of the three essays One hour App.. 800 words • Answer all three SAQs • One hour • App.. 250 words
Same assessment criteria as for paper 1 B Paper 2 SL Paper 2 HL Choose two essays, each from different options • Choose one essay from three possibilities for each option
Assessment objectives – for SAQs and EAQs • Students will be expected to demonstrate the following: 1Knowledge and comprehension of: • A specific content • B key terms and concepts • C psychological research methods • D a range of appropriately identified psychological theories and research studies • E the biological, cognitive and sociocultural level of analysis • F one option (SL) and two options (HL)
Assessment objectives – for SAQs and EAQs 2. Application and analysis A demonstrate an ability to use examples of psychological research and psychological concepts to formulate an argument in response to a specific question 3 Synthesis and evaluation A evaluate psychological theories and empirical studies B discuss how biological, cognitive and sociocultural level of analysis can be used to explain behaviour C evaluate research methods used to investigate behaviour 4 Selection and use of skills appropriate to psychology A write an organized response
WRITING ESSAYS FOR PAPER 1 B and Paper 2 • Have a look at the assessment details for paper 1 B and paper 2 (SL + HL) A: knowledge and comprehension Total of 9 marks B: Evidence of critical thinking: application, analysis, synthesis, evaluation Total of 9 marks C: Organization Total of 4 marks
The traditional structure of an essay • The Introduction: introduce the essay question and your line of argument • The main body: present information in a clear and logical manner – build an answer to the essay question Each paragraph should contain an argument and include relevant knowledge to support it (maybe also counter-argument) • The conclusion: relate directly to the question raised – your ultimate answer based on your argument
Before you start writing… • Read the essay question very carefully • Identify command terms and content (what are you suppose to do and with what?) • Make an outline (e.g. mind-map) – spend ten minutes planning – and you will have 50 minutes to write and check your answer
General advice about writing in psychology • Focus on the question • Clear structure • Apply critical thinking skills • You have to argue! ( persuasion) • Write for an audience • Your job is to convince by solid arguments and evidence • Don’t let the reader be left to guess!
An EAQ example • Discuss the use of one research method (e.g. experiments, case studies) in the cognitive level of analysis. Use relevant research studies in your response. [22 marks] Now, with eight steps, create an outline • Step one: identify command terms • Step two: identify content • Step three: find one relevant research study • Step four: what argument? • Step five: consider the argument • Step six: make an outline • Step seven: write according to your outline • Step eight: read through your essay
Eight steps • identify command terms: discuss • identify content: one research method is the experimental method • find one relevant research study: Loftus and Palmer (1974) on the role of leading questions on recall (memory) • what argument? 1. Why the experimental method is used in the cognitive level of analysis 2. possible reasons for using it in Loftus and Palmer 3. Was it a good choice - evaluation • consider the argument: could other methods be used instead? And why do they use the experimental method? • make an outline: structure of your essay • write according to your outline • read through your essay
Possible outline • Introduction: explain why the experimental method is used in the cognitive level of analysis and how this is illustrated in Loftus and palmer (1974) • Paragraph 1: The cognitive level of analysis – discuss why the experimental method is used in some studies • Paragraph 2: characteristics of the experimental method, including strengths and limitations • Paragraph 3: why the experimental method was used in Loftus and Palmer (1974) rather than another method • Paragraph 4: Briefly describe the study, focusing on the experimental features to justify the use of the experiment • Paragraph 5: evaluation • Conclusion: how the experimental method has proved useful in research studies on memory, but it is important to be aware of the limitations of the method, especially when generalizing to real-life memory