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Modelling economic development in the European Ultra-periphery

This study delves into economic development in European Ultra-periphery regions, discussing factors like regional GDP, gender mainstreaming, value chains, and convergence/divergence in economic geography. It explores the relationship between regional clustering, external economies, and market size, highlighting the importance of governance structure and capacity for upgrading. Gender mainstreaming in regional policymaking is also emphasized. The conclusion suggests linking cluster analysis with value chain assessment to enhance regional GDP and employment.

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Modelling economic development in the European Ultra-periphery

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  1. Modelling economic development in the European Ultra-periphery Diane Perrons Department of Geography and Environment and Gender Institute LSE d.perrons@lse.ac.uk

  2. Modelling economic development in the European Ultra-periphery • The ultra peripheral regions in the global context • Criteria for a useful ‘scientific’ model • Contributions from ‘economic geography’ • Value chain perspective - strengths and limitations • Measures of Regional GDP and Regional well being • Gender mainstreaming and regional analysis

  3. Modelling regional development • Convergence – neo-liberalism • Divergence • economic geography – clustering perspectives • development studies – value chain analysis

  4. centripetal forces- cumulative growth and clustering market size – linkages- external economies of scale thick labour markets low/medium transport costs pure external economies (e.g. knowledge spillovers) centrifugal forces- dispersion immobile factors (e.g.labour)/land rents high transport costs pure external diseconomies (e.g. congestion) Divergence – clustering (1)– quantitative perspective: clusters depend on the balance between centripetal and centrifugal forces (Krugman 1998)

  5. Divergence – clustering (2): clusters depend on the balance between externalities and spatially dependent transaction costs (adapted from Scott 1998)

  6. Value chains and regional analysis • Value chains focus on cross border links and map: • the input output structure, • the territorial structure, and • the governance structure of commodities from production to sale. • Analyses • the mode of integration of different production units, • and • identifies the differential shares of value appropriated at different stages • Provides an analytical link betweenlocal regional development and the wider national/ global context

  7. Governance structure and capacity for upgrading (Adapted from Schmitz 2004)

  8. Regional development, economic and social well being GDP or regional well being – see (Dunford 1996)

  9. Regional productivity and employment (nuts 1) (2003)

  10. Regional productivity and employment (nuts 2) (2003)

  11. Gender mainstreaming in regional theorising? • "Equality between men and women is one of the EU’s fundamental objectives, and we have a responsibility to see that it is taken into account in the area of regional policy, which accounts for one third of the EU budget and is one of the most visible policies for citizens. Gender mainstreaming is also part of the Lisbon strategy, because gender discrimination, both overt and latent, equates to a great waste of human resources. Eliminating discrimination will lead to gains in both employment and productivity."Danuta Hübner (2005) , European Commissioner for regional policy, http://ec.europa.eu/employment_social/news/2005/may/gender_en.html

  12. circular flow of (a) incomes (b) output of goods and services

  13. Conclusion • Linking the cluster approach with value chain analysis helps to identify patterns of economic activity that would enhance regional GDP and regional employment. • Research could also be devoted to developing broader models of economic and social well being by adapting some of the measures used by the UNDP in its work on the human development index and by feminist economists with respect to a more holistic understanding of the economy to the regional level.

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