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Total Sanitation Campaign Implementation and key challenges. 16 July, 2010. Why Sanitation: Global top child killers. Over 50 % associated with malnutrition. Environment related. Source: WHO, 1997. Health benefits of hand washing with soap. Reduces diarrheal rates by 42%
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Total Sanitation Campaign Implementation and key challenges 16 July, 2010
Why Sanitation: Global top child killers Over 50 % associated with malnutrition Environment related Source: WHO, 1997
Health benefits of hand washing with soap Reduces diarrheal rates by 42% Reduces ARIs by up to 23%. Washing hands more than 10 times a day can cut ARIs by 55 per cent Reduces neonatal mortality rates by 44% (Nepal) Improves nutrition: protects from TE Reduces cholera, dysentery, flu, trachoma, conjunctivitis Improves education
Effectiveness [%] of WASH interventions to reduce diarrhea morbidity in children U5 Source: International Initiative for Impact Evaluation 2009
Relationship between the degree of open-defecation and the prevalence of diarrhoea in villages in Himachal Pradesh, India, 2004 Question: What could explain the enormous difference in diarrhea prevalence when latrine usage goes from 95% to 100%? In effect, even if a small segment of the population continues to practice open defecation, the risk of bacteriological contamination and disease transmission may continue to be high.
Payment Cycle of Toilet Incentive Toilet construction completed by NGO Preparation of document by NGO (photograph/ signature of unit owner/ signature of Mukhiya) bill submitted after to DWSC by NGO Household Toilet demand generated by NGO/ implementing partner 7-10 days 7-10 days 5- 15 days Cheque prepare after approval in note sheet Payment note sheet prepare dby DWSC clerk and put to DDC after PHE –EE ‘s signature for approval Toilet verification by PHE JE / AE and report submitted to DWSC 1- 3 days or more 5- 15 days 1 – 3 days 40 days for a transaction from demand to payment Cheque prepare and put to DDC Cheque hand over to NGO / implementing partners 1-3 days
Key Challenges Lack of out reach Weak supply chain Options for flood prone areas School toilet: slow pace; maintenance of watsan facilities; sustained hygiene behaviour change effort Institutional arrangement: PMU/CCDU/Pranjal/WSSO- how to to be more effective Behaviour change communication effort: Adequate Resources
Opportunities Sanitation is a priority in political leadership Incentive for APL SHGs network (Mahila Samakhya , BRLP,NYKS , NGOs) SSHE: BEP is an active partner Village Health Nutrition Day to have hygiene component