WMATA ALTERNATIVE FUEL/CLEAN FLEET PROGRAMS PRESENTED TO VIRGINIA TRANSIT AGENCIES JUNE 9, 2009

1. WMATA ALTERNATIVE FUEL/CLEAN FLEET PROGRAMSPRESENTED TO VIRGINIA TRANSIT AGENCIESJUNE 9, 2009

2. WMATA OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW • 5TH largest transit bus fleet in the U.S. • 1514 buses operating in a 1500 square mile transit zone • Operating 50M annual miles out of 9 divisions – 3 in Virginia, 3 in D.C. and 3 in Maryland • WMATA’s fleet is comprised of 461 CNG’s, 87 Hybrids, and 966 Diesels with an average age of 9.3 years. • WMATA currently has an active procurement for the delivery of 203 hybrid electric buses of which 61 have been delivered (37 in-service). An additional 148 to be purchased, of which 48 will be funded by the ARRA stimulus program.

3. Low Emission Initiatives WMATA Board of Directors set a goal to be the nationwide leader among transit agencies to reduce emissions Three pronged approach: 1. Clean up existing diesels 2. Buy cleanest technology available (CNG, hybrid or clean diesel) 3. Explore advanced technologies (EV, hybrid, Fuel Cell, after-treatment, etc)

4. EMISSIONS PROJECTS • Converted to ultra-low sulphur fuel in October 2001 • 500 + diesel buses retrofitted with particulate filters • Tests conducted with various after-treatment products • Various emission and fuel economy tests performed with support from NREL, Department of Energy (DOE) and West Virginia University • Tests results are available through NREL.

5. Low Emission Initiatives • Clean up the Diesels • Introduced cleaner ultra low sulfur diesel (2001) • Retrofit 524 buses with • soot filters • - 90% PM reduction • - 95%+ HC, CO reduction - 10% NOx reduction • Repower buses • If nothing else works, retire it!

6. Low Emission Initiatives • BUY CNGs • Large infrastructure investment - $15M Bladensburg, $12M Four Mile Run • First order for 164-2001/02 buses, followed by 250-2005, then additional 25-2007, and 22-2008 buses to coincide with garage retrofits • Other agencies reported 20-30% lower reliability. WMATA has much better reliability on CNG buses Cleanest engines available Loss of electricity can cause operations shut down

7. Hybrid Maintenance Experience Major Hybrid System Components • Ev 40 Hybrid Drive Unit • Dual Power Inverter Module (DPIM) • Energy Storage Unit (Battery)

8. Ev 40 Hybrid Drive Unit Early inspections of oil pan found debris indicating an Internal problem • Defective drive units replaced by Allison local service shop • Analysis by Allison determined source to be a thrust bearing design problem • Oil sampling program monitoring identified other drive units with problems prior to failure • Drive units changed-out with improved design drive unit • All remaining drive units campaigned by Allison • No failures with the improved design drive unit

9. Duel Power Inverter Module (DPIM) • 35 DPIM units replaced to date • Allison analysis found manufacturing and logic issues with the DPIM control module • All modules reprogrammed to eliminate false trouble codes • Recent experience with DPIM has been satisfactory

10. Energy Storage Unit (Battery) • Excellent battery history to date • No maintenance issues • No battery replacements • 6 year expected life (per Allison)

11. Other Maintenance Issues Transmission Wiring Harness • Source of numerous false trouble codes • Required fleet wide replacement (2 times) • New Flyer component - design issues Brake Life • 50% improvement of brake lining life • Regenerative braking system

12. Hybrid Performance Experience • Total fleet mileage to date: 8,000,000 + miles • Mean Distance Between Failures: 10,499 miles • Fuel Economy: 3.93 MPG 9.5% better than diesel bus fleets 13.2 % better than CNG bus fleets • Fuel economy data from WVU onsite testing • Brake life 50% better than typical low floor bus

13. Hybrid Fleet MDBF (Miles) High = 26,878 Low = 5,741 Average = 10,499