The Indonesian Digital Library Network is Born to Struggle with the Digital Divide

1. The Indonesian Digital Library Network is Born to Struggle with the Digital Divide Ismail Fahmi < ismail@itb.ac.id > Knowledge Management Research Group ITB ASIST Annual Conference 3-7 November 2001, Washington DC

2. Acknowledgement Funding: • IDRC, International Development Research Centre (Canada) • YLTI, Yayasan Litbang Telekomunikasi dan Informatika (Indonesia) Support in-kind: • Central Library ITB • AI3/ITB, Asian Internet Interconnection Initiatives • CNRG, Computer Network Research Group

3. Agenda • Where is Indonesia? • Motivation • Strategies • Activities • Results • Future direction • You can help developing countries !

4. BALI Jakarta Bandung About Indonesia > 3000 islands !

5. Current Condition • Few new books at libraries. • Few journals subscription. • So that, libraries unable to provide good information resources. • Internet access ? • Java island is information rich (enough) compared to other islands.

6. Motivation • By bridging people (from digital & space divide) and utilizing the LOCAL KNOWLEDGE, • Indonesian people will able to improve their literacy.

7. Problems • Their knowledge is locked • Digital and space divide • Telecommunication infrastructure is very limited and expensive • Computer literacy is low Inhabitants: 210 million

8. Mission Unlock ACCESS to the Indonesian knowledge Unlock !

9. What we need? • We need SOLUTION. Not state of the art of technology, but a Regional Technology. • Able to run on narrow bandwidth and unreliable connections. • Familiar User Interface. • Attract individual and institution (knowledge producers) to share knowledge. • Ease and cheap of implementation and integration.

10. Strategies (Society) • Establish a community (IndonesiaDLN) of knowledge sharing • Type of partner: Institution, Individual, and Internet Café. • Promote sub-networks: I.e. health, agriculture, human rights, etc. • Bottom-up approach • License: GPL it !

11. Strategies (Technical) • Networked: through a national networked digital library • Distributed: every institutions can manage their own digital library system • Unified: all knowledge will be unified • Disseminated: all knowledge will be disseminated (mirrored), bring information near to the users. • Standardized: using international acknowledged metadata standard (Dublin Core)

12. What we share? • Information: abstract and full content of the LOCAL CONTENT. • Including: • Research report • Final Project, Theses, Dissertation • Article, paper, proceeding, journal • E-book, e-learning material, course material • Clipping, Heritage, Multimedia, expertise directory, etc. • In the form of: document, audio, image, and video files.

13. Activities • Develop Software (technical): • Ganesha Digital Library (GDL) • Establish Community (society): • The Indonesian Digital Library Network (IndonesiaDLN)

14. Ganesha Digital Library • Web-based application • Client-server (GDL Network) • Open-source/free software • Edition: • Personal • Internet café • Institution

15. Architecture of the Network • Key: • Standard Metadata • Protocol • There are a hub and many digital library servers.

16. IndonesiaDLN Interoperability Metadata Std. • Objective: to manage electronic resources (documents, audio, video files) on the Internet among the digital library networks. • Dublin Core Metadata Element Sets • Simple, multipurpose • Widely used • IndonesiaDLN Interoperability Metadata Std was derived from NDLTD Metadata Std (also based on Dublin Core).

17. Example: Metadata in XML Metadata is formatted into XML before exchanged among the digital library servers. All digital library servers in IndonesiaDLN should use the IndonesiaDLN Interoperability Metadata Standard. Currently is version 1.1.

18. Metadata storage • Metadata is stored in database. • XML is used only for synchronization.

19. Identifier • Every metadata will be recognized from its IDENTIFIER. • Identifier is unique within IndonesiaDLN. • It contains the following information: • Publisher ID • Digital Library Network ID • Type of the electronic resources • Year of creation • Creator • Record number, and • Content theme

20. Example of Identifier Publisher ID Digital Library Network ID Type of the electronic resources Year of creation Creator Record number, and Content theme jbpeismail-gdl-res-2001-ismail-11-idrc Benefit: Entering URL containing the identifier to any digital library servers will show the same metadata content. Example: http://digilib.xxx.xxx/go.php?id= jbpeismail-gdl-res-2001-ismail-11-idrc

21. The Synchronization Protocol • Items to be synchronized: • Metadata • Files (optional) • Publisher information • Membership information

22. The Synchronization Services (1/2) • Using the services of: • HTTP (operational) • Real time transaction • Good for reliable connection • Post office :-) • Burned into CD-ROM • Takes days or weeks • Good for no internet connection at all • Protocol: Currently using IndonesiaDLN specific protocol, which is similar with the Open Archive Initiative (OAI) Protocol.

23. The Synchronization Services (2/2) • Metadata are: • sent from LOCAL to HUB server and, • downloaded from HUB to LOCAL server, • through the synchronization services. • Optionally, the files also can be sent from LOCAL to HUB. • There are 3 groups of requests: Authentication, PUT, and GET.

24. IndonesiaDLN IndonesiaDLN HUB GDL-HUB Other DL Network personal institusi warnet Other GDL-Network

25. GDL-HUB GDL-Network personal Unsyiah institusi Salman Depkes warnet RSHS Binus UMM UAJ IPB ITB GDL-Network

26. GDL-HUB GDL-Network personal Unsyiah institusi Depkes Salman warnet Binus RSHS UMM UAJ IPB ITB Scenario of Sharing & Replication Replication Share Replication Replication

27. How it looks like? • Demo of Personal Digital Library • Navigate the IndonesiaDLN collections locally! • Click here

28. The Technology • GDL 3.1, open-sources/free software • Operating system: • Unix/Linux • Windows 98/NT/2000 • Windows 95 – needs winsock32 • Web server: Apache • Scripting Language: PHP 4 • Database Server: MySQL • Infrastructure: Dedicated or Dial-Up

29. Implementation Status • 1999 = Software development started • Oct 2000 = Community development started • June 2001 (it just 4 months ago) = IndonesiaDLN was launched

30. IndonesiaDLN Partners By Nov 2001

31. The Distribution Map of IndonesiaDLN Partners By Nov 2001 Irian Jaya Aceh

32. Members of IndonesiaDLN • Member = users that have registered at GDL servers. • Currently the total members registered at GDL Hub is about 3467 users.

33. Members of IndonesiaDLN (by partners) By November 2001

34. Members’ Country By Nov 2001

35. Members’ Job By August 2001

36. The Contents By Nov 2001

37. GDL- Network Distance Learning- Network Agriculture Network GDL-Engine GDL-Engine GDL-Engine Human Rights- Network Heritage- Network Biblio- Network GDL-Engine GDL-Engine GDL-Engine Future of IndonesiaDLN:The Network of Networks New Spektra IndonesiaDLN GDL-Engine

38. OAI: The Networking Protocol • IndonesiaDLN will adopt the OAI (Open Archives Initiatives) protocol / concept. • Further integration with other international digital library network.

39. Current activities: • Develop the sub-networks: • Indonesian Human Rights Information System • Indonesian Agriculture Information Network (this will reach the farmers needs, not only the researchers) • Indonesian Heritage Network • Indonesian Bibliographic Network

40. International Collaboration • GDL has been successfully installed at an NGO in Pakistan (contact peace786pk@yahoo.com) • Digital Library Network among Indonesia-Malaysia (Penang Library Network, USM) is being discussed.

41. Example: The Agriculture Network Agriculture Information Network (subnetwork) OAI IndonesiaDLN Hub Server Group of Farmers A AgriHub Server OAI Access: Internet Café & Dial-up Other Subnetworks in IndonesiaDLN Group of Farmers B Group of Researchers ETD, Heritage, Health, Human Rights, etc

42. Important URLs • IndonesiaDLN web site; Mailing list; technical, scenario, society, announcement; standard, http://idln.itb.ac.id • About GDL-Network, registration, join, software, patch, download, etc, http://gdlhub.indonesiaDLN.org/faqgdl.php • Download GDL source code for free, http://gdl.itb.ac.id/download/ • GDL-HUB, http://gdlhub.indonesiaDLN.org • Digital Library ITB, http://digilib.itb.ac.id • Contact KMRG: kmrg@kmrg.lib.itb.ac.id

43. You can help developing countries! • Open access to your digital libraries for the 3rd world. • Use the OAI protocol and standard metadata (Dublin Core-based) • Knowledge will be: • Shared • And exchanged

44. Summaries • GDL has proved its abilities to integrate digital library network in Indonesia. • Able to run on dedicated, dial-up, and behind proxy internet connection. • IndonesiaDLN is a bottom-up approach community that grows very fast. • IndonesiaDLN will become a network of networks. • Possible integration with other international digital library network (using Dublin Core metadata standard).

45. Thank you