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Sensory Integration Dysfunction

Sensory Integration Dysfunction. By Ricca Klein. Sensory Integration. Normal Sensory Integration Neurological process of organizing info from body and environment for use in daily life Central nervous system 80% of nervous system involves processing sensory info.

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Sensory Integration Dysfunction

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  1. Sensory Integration Dysfunction By Ricca Klein

  2. Sensory Integration • Normal Sensory Integration • Neurological process of organizing info from body and environment for use in daily life • Central nervous system • 80% of nervous system involves processing sensory info

  3. Sensory Integration Dysfunction • Inability to process sensations efficiently • Take in too much or too little information • Hypersensitive • Hyposensitive • Neurological disorganization • Inefficient motor, language, or emotional output

  4. Senses • Far Senses • Hearing, sight, smell, taste, touch • Near Senses • Tactile • Vestibular • Proprioceptive

  5. The CNS • Neurons • Sensory • Impulses from receptors in eyes, ears, skin, muscles, joints, organs • Motor • Spinal Cord • Interprets sensory messages, sends motor messages • The Brain

  6. The Brain and Sensory Integration • 4 Important Parts • Brainstem • Cerebellum • Diencephalon • Cerebrum

  7. Brain Stem • Receives messages from skin and muscles in head and neck • Sensations switch to appropriate hemispheres • Processes vestibular sensations • Processes sensations from internal organs

  8. Cerebellum • Processes proprioceptive and vestibular sensations • Muscle tone • Balance • Fine motor skills

  9. Diencephalon • Basal ganglia • Coordinate vestibular sensations • Balance • Voluntary movement • Hippocampus • Compares old and new stimuli • Amygdala • Connects impulses from olfactory system

  10. Diencephalon • Hypothalamus • Thalamus • Key relay station • All sensory data except smell pass through en route to cerebrum

  11. Cerebrum • Occipital lobe • Visual images • Parietal lobe • Proprioceptive messages • Tactile messages • Temporal • Hearing • Refining vestibular sensations • Memory • Frontal • Voluntary body movements • Prefrontal

  12. Who it effects • 12-30% of all children • Some type • 70% of children with learning disorders • Autism • ADHD • Premature infants • Anxiety • Head trauma • Commonly seen in boys • 80%

  13. Signs of SID • Can be seen in early infancy • Low self esteem seen as young as 8 months due to SID • More noticeable in toddlers/school aged children

  14. Patterns of Dysfunction • Bilateral Integration and Sequencing difficulties • Poor postural mechanisms, balance • Developmental Apraxia • Poor motor planning skills • Form and Space Perception • Tactile defensiveness

  15. Possible Causes • Genetics • Prenatal circumstances • Prematurity • Birth trauma • Postnatal circumstances

  16. Treatments • Occupational Therapy • Speech and Language Therapy • Auditory Integration Therapy • Vision Therapy • Psychotherapy • Deal with effects of SID, not causes

  17. Conclusion • Since early 70’s much has been learned, relatively new • Still studying causes • Exact causes not known, no one causes seen in all cases • New therapies and treatments

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