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Micro-Hydro Turbine

Micro-Hydro Turbine. Scott Craig Cody Maher Jesse Ross Brian Vanstratum. Summary. Problem Statement How much power is in water flow? How do we generate power from water? How much power do we need? The Site Data From the Site Available Power vs. Needed Power. Our Problem.

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Micro-Hydro Turbine

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  1. Micro-Hydro Turbine Scott Craig Cody Maher Jesse Ross Brian Vanstratum

  2. Summary • Problem Statement • How much power is in water flow? • How do we generate power from water? • How much power do we need? • The Site • Data From the Site • Available Power vs. Needed Power

  3. Our Problem • Feasibility study • Can we make enough power, using this water source, to provide enough energy for one or more homes?

  4. The water source • Located in Reynolds, GA • Is a large pond with a dam on one side • Minor Mill Pond is a watershed for Panther Creek and a collection of artesian springs

  5. Water’s potential power • Maximum power from water flow depends on the flow rate and the pressure • The pressure is essentially the height the water falls, also called “head” • Thus the equation for max power is: P = mdotρgh, where mdot = mass flow rate and ρgh = water pressure

  6. Generating Power from Water • Turbines are used to generate power from water flow and water pressure • There are 3 main variations on hydro-turbine design

  7. Reaction Turbines • Fully immersed in water • Convert water flow to energy • Work like a propeller • Typically used in high flow/low head situations

  8. Impulse Turbines • Operate in air • Convert water pressure to energy • Driven by high velocity jets of water • Typically used in low flow/high head situations

  9. Hybrid Turbines • Cross-flow turbine • Not entirely immersed in water • Generally operates like an Impulse Turbine, but also converts water flow to energy • Typically used for low head/high flow

  10. How much power do we need? Typical residential power requirements: • Blender: 300W • Coffee Maker: 800W • Washing Machine: 500W • Dryer: 5000W • Central A/C: 2000 – 5000W • Wall A/C: 1000W

  11. The Site Aerial view of the pond View of dam and mill house

  12. The Site Natural Spillway Dam Runoff Spillway Two Minor Mill Pond Spillway One

  13. Spillway One Pond side Opposite side

  14. Spillway Two Pond side Opposite Side

  15. Flint River • The Minor Mill Pond runs to the Patsiliga Creek which then dumps into the Flint River • The USGS has two gage stations monitoring flow rate one north of our site and one south of our site • By utilizing this data we can roughly estimate the flow from the surrounding tributaries

  16. Flint River • Gage Station Data from the year 2004 • The two stations show the average stream flow (Cubic Feet per second) for each month in 2004. • By taking the difference of flow rates we can determine the tributary contribution. • The flow from the Minors Mill Pond will be a fraction of that contribution. • We can then generate a fraction that represents the flow contribution from our site based on the flow rate data we collected on September 30th 2006.

  17. Data We Collected

  18. Where do we go from here? • Average velocity at the surface of the flow • To calculate the flow rate we need the average velocity of the flow Neglecting the friction due to air, the velocity at the surface of the flow is the maximum value of the velocity distribution of the centerline of the flow. A look at some hydraulics texts reveals some useful equations…

  19. Saved by Manning and Vanoni We never measured the grade, SO but by virtue of two equations we can find it.

  20. Velocity distribution and Vavg

  21. Spillway 2 Applying same methods from before:

  22. Summary of data In order to minimize environmental effects we only want to use half the flow from spillway two

  23. Maximum Power

  24. Useable Power

  25. Summary • Determine what we can power with a middle Georgia micro hydro site • Very small neighborhood (7500 kW*hr/month) • Just one house (1500 kW*hr/month) • Preliminary useable power = 1018 kW*hr/month

  26. Decision matrix

  27. Questions?

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