Power Options For Tarnów

1. Power Options For Tarnów Design Technology - Power Generation Unit How Can I Evaluate The Cost Of Our Energy? By: Pedro Alexandre Tonet Fleig Grade 7 Tuesday, March 24th, 2009

2. Introduction This is a presentation that has the task of showing and comparing different types of power generation technologies, and its specifications, as well as their advantages and disadvantages if built in the city of Tarnów . This presentation will showsome of the specifications of the city, and of the Power Plants chosen. And also make comparisons to show which power plants match the city’s specification an which does it better. At the end chosing one of the Power Plants and reccomending it to the city , explaining the reasons for the reccomendation.

3. City Specifications • Tarnów is a big city, with a population of around 117,000 people. It’s a large business center in Poland, being the second largest in the Malopolska region. • Tarnów has diverse types of industries such as construction, nitrogen, logistic, steel, mechanical, electromechanical and food processing industries. • Tarnów has some tourist attraction, but the business is still the main attraction for travelers. • The climate of Tarnów is warm compared to the average in Poland, being one of the warmest cities in the country. Tarnow has the longest summer and the shortest winter in Poland. During Tarnów’s summer there is a bigger average rainfall than during the winter. • There are rivers near the city, and there is a Hydro power plant located in Roznów about 50 km from Tarnów.

4. Power Options • Tarnów is a city that requires a power plant that can generate at least 45MW , according to our calculations based on Poland’s power consumption per-capita that can be found in the CIA world fact book. • These power plant cannot be more expensive than 234 million polish zlotys, because that is the money available for the city, based on our taxes per capita estimative. It is necessary that the power plant costs less than that value, since the city cannot spend all the money that it gains from taxes, by building a power plant. • Investigating the shared Google spreadsheet with the specifications for some types of power plant, three were the possibilities chosen by mefor Tarnów. The power generation technologieschosen are Wind, Hydro and solar. They were chosen because of their capacity, not being too small or too big, cost not being too high, and the cost of its power.

5. Wind Power • Wind Power plants are really cheap to build comparing to the other types ,and they are also very clean, but they do not give a lot of power. For Tarnów it would be necessary 25 wind turbines, to generate the minimum 45 MW required. • Due to the low cost of each turbine, about 22000 dollars, it wouldn’t be very expensive to build 25 of these turbines. The price of all turbines would be about US$ 550,000 , which is about 1,925,000 pln. • The city would definitely have enough money to build this, but the problem is that wind turbines, need to be placed where there’s generally a lot of constant wind. Poland does have a lot of wind, but it isn’t very constant during the all year, and without wind the turbines can’t generate any electricity.

6. Solar Power • Since Tarnów is a city with a long summer and a short winter, a solar power plant can be a good idea, since it is clean energy with no significant pollution. And also warm cities generally have a lot of sun, but that is not the case in Tarnów, since the average rainfall in this city is bigger in the summer. • A problem is that because solar power plants need sun to work. Even in the winter, with less rain the sun would be weaker . It also doesn’t generate power at night. • Another problem with solar power, is that it is really expensive to build. Since a 10MW system costs about 75 million dollars, to reach the power requirements, we would need a system at least 5 times bigger, which would cost 375 million dollars, around 1.312 billion zlotys. The city cannot afford to pay such big amount of money.

7. Hydro Power • The city of Tarnów is probably already using power from a Hydro Power Plant, since there’s one located in Roznów, only 50KM from the city. The electricity company of Tarnów is part of group, with headquarters in Krakow, and this group is responsible for the hydro power plant located near Tarnów. • Hydro Power is also clean and generates a lot of electricity, over 100MW, enough to power the city of Tarnow and other cities on the surroundings, which can contribute with the money to build this power plant. • The money necessary to build a new power plant is about 30 million dollars, which converted is 105 million zlotys. It is expensive, but the city can still afford it no matter if it has or not help from other cities nearby. • The problem of hydro power, is that it needs a river, and it does take a lot of space, but since there is already a power plant in the city of Roznów, it can be much cheaper, to use this power plant, and maintainit, by expanding the power capacity. Also maintaining a power plant is better than building a new one, because a dam can cause a big environmental impact in the region.

8. ConclusionWhat Power Type is Better? • Analyzing these three types of power the conclusion is that since it is already there, near Tarnów, expanding the capacity and maintaining the hydro power plant is most likely the best choice for the city, because the other options are too much expensive, or cannot generate enough power to the city, due to lack of resources available. • My recommendation is to use the hydro power, because of the reasons written above, and also because with a high capacity of over 100MW it is possible to power other surrounding cities and also the city itself in the future since it has a tendency to grow since it is a large business center. Map of Hydro Power Plant in Roznów

9. Calculations & Estimatives • Power Requirement Calculation: per capita (CIA-2006) : 3,272 KWh X city’s population 117,000 (wikispaces) ÷ hours in an year 8760. Note: CIA factbook was recently updated, the information used for the calculations are from before the update. • Avaiable City Money: Average tax per capita 2000 zlotys (estimated) X population (wikispaces)

10. Sources • Wikispaces: City Specifications - https://wisit.wikispaces.com/City+Specifications List of Power Sources - https://wisit.wikispaces.com/List+of+Power+Sources • Google Docs Spreadsheet –(If link doesn’t work go to list of power souces in the Wikispace) http://spreadsheets.google.com/ccc?key=p2fvvAvLfY5nG1DnO2elWcA • Wikipedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarnow • City’s site - http://www.tarnow.pl/english/index1.php • CIA world factbook - https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/pl.html • Electricity company group (ENION) -http://www.enion.pl/en/enion • Google , Images , Maps : www.google.com/imageswww.google.com/maps (Maps used for city location and distance from hydro Power Plant)