Cervical Injuries and Blunt Trauma

1. Cervical Injuries and Blunt Trauma Patrick Lynch

2. Cervical fractures sustained in a MVA are responsible for 60% of reported cases of SCI (Ref 6,7,1,8,9). Dr Terry Trammell/Value of Eject Report

3. Since 2005, motor vehicle crashes account for 41.3% of reported SCI cases The National SCI Statistical Center

4. Spinal fractures in drivers of open cockpit open wheel race cars were studied during the interval 1996 - 2005 in five racing series. There were 44 levels of fracture in 38 occurrences of fracture in 36 drivers. There were 3 injuries at the OC level, and 12 C3 - C7. Therefore the cervical fractures represented 34.1% of the spinal fractures, which is consistent with that present in MVA's. Dr Terry Trammell/Value of Eject Report

5. The rescuer who removes a helmet improperly may unintentionally aggravate cervical spine injuries American College of Surgeons

6. In the presence of an unstable distractive injury to the basiocciput there is a high probability that the application of traction to the head could result in worsening of the injury and or neurological status……Anecdotal data has shown that 5# of traction can result in catastrophic neurological deterioration of such an injury. Dr Terry Trammell/Value of Eject Report

7. Cervical Injuries in motorsport continue to be a major concern for medical personnel. It is a topic of continuous debate because trauma rescuers struggle in an environment of limited data and incomplete answers to offer the best care to minimize the risk of additional neurologic injury. Dr Dino Altmann

8. American College of Surgeons Helmet Removal Technique

9. Helmet Removal Digital x-Ray

10. Eject Helmet Removal Digital x-Ray

11. Mayo Clinic Eject Study Biomechanics Lab GOAL: Assess the effect of helmet removal on the neck using the Eject system versus standard, manual removal • METHOD: A model of the head was created to replace a live subject with forces and torques on the head and neck were measured simultaneously • Helmets were properly fit to live subjects to ensure correct fitting • 3 dimensional computer models of the subjects heads were created • The 3-D scans were converted into CNC milled wood replica heads • A biomechanical neck was connected to head to replicate normal flex • A six-component load cell was mounted to base of neck/model head • Traction & compression forces were measured at the neck for data 3-D Scan Milled headform, multiple sensors fitted

12. Mayo Clinic Eject Study Neck/Head form testing with six-component load cell for force data collection

13. Mayo Clinic Lab Results • Test data collected and analyzed • Traction & compression forces identified

14. Mayo Clinic Lab Results Maximum Traction/Compression Forces - Time The positive values on this graph represent traction forces. The negative values represent compression. This illustrates that the traction forces at the neck increase progressively to a peak and then decrease at a similar rate during manual removal while traction forces remain minimal during removal using the Eject® System.

15. Mayo Clinic Lab Results Maximum Traction/Compression Forces The positive values on this graph represent traction forces. The negative values represent compression. This illustrates that the traction forces at the neck increase progressively to a peak and then decrease at a similar rate during manual removal while traction forces remain minimal during removal using the Eject® System.

16. Thank You Patrick Lynch Motorsport Director Shock Doctor Tel: +1 612 810 5330 Email: lynch@shockdoctor.com