JICA ０ General - Pollution Prevention in Japan POLLUTION CONTROL MANAGER SYSTEM OF JAPAN

1. JICA ０　General - Pollution Prevention in JapanPOLLUTION CONTROL MANAGER SYSTEM OF JAPAN JAPAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATIONfor INDUSTRY www. jemai. or. jp

2. 1.0 Introduction Japan: serious environmental pollution during the period of high-growth economy from 1950 to the beginning of the 1970s Minamata Deceases (chemical industry), Itai-itai Deceases (metal mining), Yokkaichi Asthma (petro-chemical indus.), Ashio Cu Pollution (cupper mining) In this lecture: • How ourcritical environmental problem were solved • Introduction of the pollution control manager (PCM) system

3. Industrial Pollution Prevention Environmental Management Pollution Control Manager System 1.1 Four Essential Factors for Environmental Preservation Regulatory Systems Investment & Funding for Pollution Control Facilities ・Mandatory Control ・Voluntary Management Human Resources Technologies Education & Training 　・Development 　　・Dissemination

4. 1.2Main laws and regulations1967 Basic Law for Pollution Control1968 Air Pollution Control Law1968 Noise Regulation Law1970 Water Pollution Control LawNational Diet for Pollution Prevention1971 Environmental Agency1971 Law for the Establishment of Organization for Pollution Control in Specified Factories1976 Vibration Regulation Law1993 The Basic Environment Law1999 Law Concerning Special Measures against Dioxins2001Ministry of Environment JAPAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATIONfor INDUSTRY www. jemai. or. jp

5. 1.5 Pollution Control Manager（PCM） System 1971: “ Law Concerning the Improvement of Pollution Prevention Systems in Specific Factories ” obligatesa specific factory to installan organizational system Composed of : a general manager of pollution control who oversees pollution prevention duties pollution control managers with technical and legal knowledge and skills Which audits whether the factory operates within the regulations and standards

6. 1.7 Concrete Purposes of PCM a) To make responsibility clear for pollution control with obligation to establish a personnel organization b) To ensure daily pollution control practices by using the personnel organization c) To maintain smooth communications among the factory, the regulatory authorities, and the local residents JAPAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATIONfor INDUSTRY www. jemai. or. jp

7. Industry classification Air Pollutants Contaminated Effluents Specified & General Particles Noise & Vibration Dioxins 1) Air Pollutants (SOx, NOx, etc.) 2) Contaminated Effluents (BOD, COD) 3) Specific Particles (Asbestos) 4) General Particles (Dusts) 5) Noise 6) Vibration 7) Dioxins Facility generates and discharges 1) Manufacturing 2) Electric Power Supply 3) Gas Supply 4) Heat Supply 2.1 Definition of Specified Facilities

8. 2.2 Example of Specified Facilities • Regulated facility for air and water (PCM is legally required) 1) Soot/smoke: Discharge gas 10,000 m3/hour or over (Total volume, not each equipment) 2) Waste water: Average daily effluent 1,000 m3 or over or specific hazardous chemical using plants General Particles (Dusts): ex. Coke/koks(50t/day),Mineral or earth stock yard (1000m2 or over), Belt conveyer(75cmW), Pulverizer(excl. wet/closed, 75kW), Sieve(15kW) • Not regulated pollution • Bad smell, land subsidence, and wastes Odor(non-point, hard to control), subsidence(groundwater control regulations etc.), and wastes (waste control laws etc.) JAPAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATIONfor INDUSTRY www. jemai. or. jp

9. Large Size Specified Factory （Gas and Effluent） Pollution Control Manager Air & Deputy Pollution Control Manager Water & Deputy Pollution Control Manager Noise & Vibration & Deputy Pollution Control Manager Dioxins & Deputy Only in large size specified factories Chief Manager of Pollution Control & Deputy General Manager of Pollution Control & Deputy 3.0 Pollution Control Organization

10. 3.5 Responsibility of pollution control managers (PCM) Water quality-related PCM: • Up Stream Activities • Examination of raw materials • Inspection of the influent from the producing facilities • End of Pipe Activities • Operation and maintenance of the treating facility • Taking measurement of discharged wastewater and recording • Inspection and maintenance of the measuring equipment • Activities for Emergency • Implementation of necessary measures in case of emergencies JAPAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATIONfor INDUSTRY www. jemai. or. jp

11. 3.6 Registration of the pollution control organization The pollution control organization should be registered atthe local governor of the prefecture. The registration: • name of the factory, its location • name, position, and duties of the General Manager,chief manager,pollution control managers & their deputies • In registration: for each PCMs & their deputies • requiredthe certification ofpassing the national examination (N.E.) or • the certification of pollution controlauthorized lecture completed

12. From 1971 to 2002 In recent years, Successful Examinees Completed Trainees : 5,000 /yr : 3,000 /yr 4.6 Number of Successful Examinees and Number of Trainees Completed the Authorized Lecture ‘71 ’72 ‘73 ’74 ‘75 ’76 ‘77 ’78 ‘79 ’80 ’81 ’82 ‘83 ’84 ‘85 ’86 ’87 ’88 ‘89 ’90 ‘91 ’92 ‘93 ’94 ’95 ’96 ’97 ’98 ’99 ’00 ’01 ’02 = Number of Successful Examinees = Number of Completed Trainees

13. Noise & Vib. Dust Chief Manager Specific Dust Water Air Dioxine Total No. : 307,929 From 1971 to 2007 4.8 Type of PCMs Passed National Examination JAPAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATIONfor INDUSTRY www. jemai. or. jp

14. 出典：CEARNo.28

15. 平成20年度　リフレッシュ研修の結果 全国13箇所開催 約1,800名の受講者

16. Class 8.6% 10.9% 42.9% N＝1424 M・A 37.6% Water Air Noise Dioxins Participants details Age Industry 資格取得経過年数 N＝1424

17. Evaluation for the PCM education Red: Very Good Yellow: As expected Other: Not good － Practical contents － Actual cases (Case studies) － Laws and regulations, detailed explanation