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Plants – could we live without them?

Video. Plants – could we live without them?. No way! They are super important! A few reasons plants are important: Food – 90% of our food comes directly from plants! Shelter Oxygen – thanks photosynthesis! Medicines Textiles. Plants are boring… they don’t do anything!. … Or do they??

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Plants – could we live without them?

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  1. Video Plants – could we live without them? No way! They are super important! • A few reasons plants are important: • Food – 90% of our food comes directly from plants! • Shelter • Oxygen – thanks photosynthesis! • Medicines • Textiles

  2. Plants are boring… they don’t do anything! … Or do they?? • They aren’t mobile • They don’t show emotion … So how do we know they’re active & respond to their environment? Chemical & Physical Clues!

  3. Chemical Plant Responses • Due to plant hormones (produced by the plant) • Hormones: substances that travel through the plant & stimulate the target cells in another part of the organism • Auxins: cause cell elongation & division • Ethylene: causes fruit to ripen • Cytokinins: cause dormant seeds to sprout when conditions are favorable

  4. Physical Plant Responses • Can be positive or negative • Phototropism: growth in response to light • Gravitotropism (Geotropism): growth in response to gravity • Thigmotropism: growth in response to touch • Rapid Response: quick response to touch (NOT GROWTH)

  5. Phototropism • Gravitotropism • Thigmotropism • Rapid Response Thigmotropism! This plant is growing around what it is touching!

  6. Phototropism • Gravitotropism • Thigmotropism • Rapid Response Gravitotropism! Even though this plant is horizontal, it has curved around to grow vertically!

  7. Phototropism • Gravitotropism • Thigmotropism • Rapid Response Phototropism! This plant is growing towards the light.

  8. Video Rapid Response

  9. Kingdom Plantae

  10. What are plant cell walls made of? • Chitin • Peptidoglycan • Cellulose • None of the above Cellulose!

  11. Characteristics of Plants • Eukaryotic • Cell walls made of cellulose • Contain chloroplasts with chlorophyll for photosynthesis • Autotrophs that make their own food

  12. Where did plants come from?

  13. Early Plants The evolution of seeds & vascular tissue allowed plants to survive on dry land. • Evolved from a green algae ancestor (protist) • They were dependent on water for reproduction.

  14. Tissues of Plants

  15. Vascular Tissue • Tissue that moves water & nutrients through the plant against the force of gravity. This allows the plants to be taller than a few centimeters! • Xylem: transports water • Phloem: transports nutrients & carbohydrates

  16. Video Xylem & Phloem

  17. Meristematic Tissue • Only area of the plant that will produce more cells by mitosis • Cells are unspecialized at first Onion Root Tip (Magnified 40X)

  18. What type of tissue do you see in the cross section of the celery stalk? • Vascular • Meristematic • Neither • Both Vascular Tissue! These tiny holes are the xylem of the celery… this is where the water travels up the stalk!

  19. Which type of tissue contains cells that are constantly dividing? • Vascular • Meristematic • Both • Neither Meristematic Tissue contains unspecialized cells that take on a specific function as the plant grows (similar to stem cells in animals)!

  20. Which type of tissue creates the organs of the plant? • Vascular • Meristematic • Both • Neither Meristematic Tissue! This tissue causes the plant to grow & create specialized cells!

  21. How do plants make sugar for energy? • Alcoholic Fermentation • Photosynthesis • Both • They don’t use energy. Photosynthesis!

  22. What do plants need to perform photosynthesis? • Carbon Dioxide • Water • Sunlight • All of the above All of the above!

  23. Which of the following is a product of photosynthesis? • Glucose • Nitrogen • ATP • Proteins Glucose! Glucose is the sugar produced during photosynthesis.

  24. Remember! • Photosynthesis: 6CO2 + 6H2O + Sunlight  C6H12O6 + 6O2 Carbon Dioxide + Water + Sun  Glucose (Sugar) + Oxygen Chloroplasts are the site of photosynthesis!

  25. How is the glucose (sugar) made into energy? • Alcoholic Fermentation • Bacteria inside of the plant break the sugar down • Cellular Respiration • All of the above Plants use Cellular Respiration to break down the glucose & release energy!

  26. Cellular Respiration C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy (ATP) Sugar + Oxygen  Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy Mitochondria are the site of Cellular Respiration!

  27. What type of energy is needed to perform photosynthesis? • ATP • Chemical • Solar • All of the above Solar Energy! Plants need sunlight!

  28. What type of energy do plants create? • ATP • Chemical • Solar • All of the above ATP! Plants get energy from the sun, then the solar energy is transformed into energy in the form of ATP!

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