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Some Cereal Insects

Some Cereal Insects. By David Bragg, PhD Washington State University Extension Entomologist. Common wheat/cereal insects/mites and damage they cause:. Bird cherry-oat aphid vectors BYDV in the fall, moving into wheat and barley from corn as late as December. Also green bug aphid.

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Some Cereal Insects

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  1. Some Cereal Insects By David Bragg, PhD Washington State University Extension Entomologist

  2. Common wheat/cereal insects/mites anddamage they cause: • Bird cherry-oat aphid vectors BYDV in the fall, moving into wheat and barley from corn as late as December. Also green bug aphid. • Wheat stem saw fly causes stem to break resulting in blank heads. • Wheat joint worm feeds at crowns = rare in SE Washington. • Pachynematus leaf saw fly increasing in low ppt. zone of Oregon and Washington = not economic. • Wheat leaf curl mite vectors wheat streak mosaic virus – is this High Plains Disease of sweet corn?

  3. More wheat insects and mites • Brown wheat mite rarely damages wheat but has damaged barley and timothy hay crops in the PNW Region. • Russian wheat aphid is damaging to late seeded spring cereals when natural enemies lag behind aphid populations = up to 20 bushel yield reductions where not controlled prior to milk stage. Snake River dry lands have RWA just about each summer. • Wire worms (Elateridae) can reduce spring cereal stands and fall seeding into CRP take out w/o insecticide seed treatments.

  4. Eleodes hisperlabrus = false wireworm beetle

  5. Bird cherry-oat aphid alates on wheat leaf

  6. Schizaphis graminarium = green bug aphid found in conjunction with Russian wheat aphid colonies.

  7. Russian wheat aphid colony

  8. Pachynematus saw fly larvae feed on wheat leaves

  9. Wheat leaf saw fly adult

  10. Wheat stem saw fly adult

  11. Wheat stem saw fly larva

  12. Wheat joint worm can cause losses in spring wheat in Montana.

  13. Brown wheat mite feeds on leaf surface

  14. WHEAT STREAK MOSAIC VIRUS • WSMV is vectored by the Wheat Leaf Curl Mite. • Constant wheat rotations w/o a crop free period e.g. seeding winter wheat into green spring wheat or spring wheat into green winter wheat stubble. • Cereal volunteers in non crop places can be bridge for mites. • Very serious problem in Walla Walla area in 2007! • No control other than elimination of green wheat plants to prevent mites from vectoring virus.

  15. Wheat leaf curl mite aka wheat rust miteis an Eriophyid mite of very tiny size.

  16. Close up of wheat leaf curl mite under microscope

  17. Wheat streak mosaic virus symptoms

  18. HESSIAN FLY LARVAE – Myetola destructor

  19. Hessian Fly Puparia in wheat stem above 1st node

  20. HESSIAN FLY MANAGEMENT • Deep plow after harvest • If reduced or no-till rotate cereal crops with other non-host crops • Use resistant spring wheat varieties • Use maximum rates of labeled seed treatment insecticides e.g. Thiomethoxam, Imidicloprid, Clothianidin • If you have HF, assume it will be a continuing problem so choose a combo of management tools • Don’t wait for larvae – too late!

  21. THE END!

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