The Ten-Year Innovation Plan for South Africa: Opportunities for International Partnerships

1. The Ten-Year Innovation Plan for South Africa: Opportunities for International Partnerships International Conference on Scientific and Technological Innovation: National Experience and International Cooperation Novotneho Lavka, 5, Prague, Czech Republic, 21 May 2009 Vuyani Lingela, General Manager, International Cooperation and Research

2. Contents • Innovation Policy Landscape • Economic Transformation – towards a knowledge-based economy • SA’s “Grand Challenges” • Innovation as a National Imperative • Innovation Instruments • Human Capital Development • S&T Across Government • Conclusion

3. Policy landscape NSI SWOT Benchmarked OECD Review of SA NSI New public S&T missions • Biotechnology • ICT • Advanced manufacturing • Astronomy 10Yr Innovation Plan Creation of DST R&D Strategy S&T missions Developing the NSI Knowledge-based economy • Grand challenges • Human capital development S&T White Paper 2004 1996 2002 2007

4. Towards a Knowledge Economy KNOWLEDGE-BASED ECONOMY RESOURCE-BASED ECONOMY

5. The Knowledge Economy The Four Pillars of the Knowledge Economy

6. Towards a Knowledge Economy • Knowledge is the basic form of capital for Innovation • Knowledge generation, accumulation and exploitation • Economic growth is driven by Innovation • Key driver for Innovation is “high-end” human capital: PhD • PhD as the key foundation for achieving the objectives of the National System of Innovation (NSI)

7. Economic & Scientific Wealth Source: DA King, Nature 430 (2004) 311 (15 July 2004)

8. Technology development and innovation Farmer to pharma Human & social science Global change Energy Space science Human capital - Centres of excellence, South African research chairs initiative, professional development programme, etc. Enablers Cross- cutting enablers Grand challenges Knowledge infrastructure – Science councils, state-owned enterprises, global projects The Ten-Year Innovation Plan

9. Farmer to Pharmaceutical For South Africa’s biotechnology industry to grow, a number of critical factors need to be satisfied, including: • Greater networking and collaboration (domestic and international) across all sectors (academia, science councils, industry and government) • The development of business skills to help identify viable projects • A clearer strategic focus on selected platforms and markets • Improved funding mechanisms to close the gap between basic research and commercialisation; and shorter turnaround times between application and receipt of funding • Investment in platforms (including infrastructure) to bridge the gap between research and commercial • Implementation South Africa has a range of natural

10. Societal benefits of space science • Disasters - Reducing loss of life and property from natural and human-induced disasters • Health - Understanding environmental factors affecting human health • Energy - Managing energy resources • Climate variability and change - Adapting to climate variability and change • Water - Improving resource management • Weather - Improving forecasting and warning • Protection of ecosystems - Improved management of terrestrial, coastal, and marine resources • Agriculture - Supporting sustainable agriculture and combating desertification • Conserving biodiversity - Understanding, monitoring, and conserving biodiversity

11. Space industry

12. Energy • Major R&D Thrusts • Clean coal • Nuclear technologies in support Eskom Build Programme • Renewables (Special focus on Solar technologies) • Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technologies

13. Societal benefits of earth observation SAEOSS

14. Human and social science • In today’s world, behaviour, science and technology are deeply intertwined, • The socioeconomic problems that we face require focused work by teams of cross-disciplinary experts; • Technologies cannot be developed without giving thought to how they will affect and be received by human beings. • to increase our ability to anticipate the complex consequences of change; • to better understand the dynamics of human and social behaviour at all levels; • to better understand the cognitive and social structures that create and define change; and • to help people and organisations better manage profound or rapid change.

15. Innovation Instruments Bridging the “Innovation Chasm” TIA Production & Commercialisation Knowledge Production Development

16. Basic Applied Tech Develop Transfer & Proliferation COEs Centres of Competency DOE/NRF NRF/DST DST/TIA PBF/DTI • Research Chairs • PGP & HCD instruments • RISA instruments • Innovation Fund • BRICs • SPII & PII • SEDA • Khula • IDC Publications/new knowledge Patents/new knowledge products

17. Basic Applied Tech Develop Transfer & Proliferation NRF IDC TIA Specialist Research Funds Venture Capital International Research Funds SEDA PBF Publications/new knowledge Patents/new knowledge products

18. IP Support TI Fund Venture Capital Access Enterprise Development Competency Centres Hydrogen Economy BRICS AMI AMTS

19. Human Capital Development • Increase the number of knowledge workers: Researchers • Increase the productivity of researchers • Address inequalities: Race, gender, regional & institutional distribution • Introducing appropriate Innovation Instruments in the National System of Innovation

20. Knowledge-based Economies

21. Strategic Positioning South Africa In 2026 (20 yrs) A 5 x increase to present situation IN WHICH LEAGUE DO WE WANT TO PLAY? South Africa In 2026 (20yrs) A 10 x increaseto future situation

22. Existing National SET pipeline (2005) Masters ~ per yr (incl. coursework) PhD’s ~ per yr Hons grad rates~ per yr HG Maths and Science ~ per yr SET graduation rates ~per yr 26,000 3,200 33,500 2,900 561 Points of leverage from current situation • < 10% proceed from a basic degree to pursue honours • 2. Only 19% proceed from Masters to Doctoral studies 1 2

23. Research Outputs(International Comparison)

24. Research Outputs(Patents)

25. Conclusions ICSTI Member Sates Innovation Actors Higher Education Research Institutions Industry Government/Public Institutions Grand Challenges Farmer to pharmer Sapce science Energy Global change Human and Social science Higher Education Research Institutions Industry Government/Public Institutions Innovation Actors South African NationalResources

26. THANK YOUVuyani Lingela, General Manager: International Cooperation and Research,Department of Science and TechnologyEmail: Vuyani.Lingela@dst.gov.zaTel: +27 12 843 6517, Cell: +27 82 600 4722, Fax: +27 86 681 0051Postal Address: Private Bag X 894, Pretoria 0001, South AfricaPhysical Address: Building 53, Meiring Naude Road, CSIR Campus, Pretoria 0184, South Africa