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Cell Structure & Organelle Function

Cell Structure & Organelle Function. What is the Cell Theory?. The cell is the basic unit of structure and function in the human body. It can be specialized to do many things. Main job is to make proteins . Cell Structure.

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Cell Structure & Organelle Function

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  1. Cell Structure&Organelle Function

  2. What is the Cell Theory? • The cell is the basic unit of structure and function in the human body. • It can be specialized to do many things. • Main job is to make proteins.

  3. Cell Structure • Consists of a mass of cytoplasm (jell like insides), within a cell membrane. • Inside the cytoplasm are the organelles.

  4. Cell Structure • Nucleus: (The brain, control center) • Surrounded by a double layer membrane. • Contains the DNA, called Chromatin. • Controls cell activities.

  5. Cell nucleus Nuclear membrane nucleolus chromatin

  6. Cell Structure • Nucleolus: (Ribosome factory) • Found inside the nucleus. • Makes ribosomes.

  7. Cell Structure • Ribosomes: • Protein factory. Makes proteins by taking amino acids and connecting them into chains. ribosome ER

  8. Cell Structure • Endoplasmic Reticulum: (assembly line) • A network of passageways made from membranes that transports proteins around the cell. • Rough ER has ribosomes. • Smooth ER has NOribosomes

  9. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

  10. Cell Structure • Golgi Complex : (UPS of the cell) • A series of saclike membranes where proteins are packaged, stored, and shipped off to their destinations.

  11. Cell Structure • Mitochondria : (power plant of the cell) • Organelle covered by a double membrane, where cellular respiration takes place. Burn sugar (glucose) to make energy (ATP)

  12. Cell Structure • Chloroplasts (solar panels):(plant cells only: Solar Power) • Double membrane sacs that contain Chlorophyll. • It can take light energy and convert it into sugar (glucose) by Photosynthesis.

  13. Cell Structure • Lysosomes (recycle bin): • Vesicles(Sacs) filled with digestive enzymes and acid. They break down andrecycleold organelles in the cell. • Peroxisomes (Germ-X): • Vesicles (Sacs) filled with enzymes that break down toxins in the cell.

  14. Cell Structure • Cytoskeleton : (skeleton of the cell) • A net-like framework that gives the cell its shape. • Composed of threadlike proteins called microfilaments, microtubules.

  15. Cell Structure • Vacuoles: • Stores water and dissolved mineral cells. In plants there is one large central vacuole.

  16. Cell Structure • Cell Wall: • Found only in PLANTS. (found also in prokaryotes/bacteria) • Rigid layer of cellulose outside the membrane that supports plant cells. cell membrane cell wall

  17. Cell Structure • Cell Membrane: (fence around the cell) • Semipermeable barrier that controls what enters and leaves the cell

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