How to Prepare Yourselves and Your Communities for Emergencies: P repare = P rotect = P revent + M itigate

1. T-909: Preparing for Emergencies in Texas How to Prepare Yourselves and Your Communities for Emergencies: Prepare = Protect = Prevent + Mitigate

2. Introduction This course is a combination of two FEMA online Independent Study Courses: • IS-22: Are You Ready? An In-depth Guide to Citizen Preparedness • IS-909: Community Preparedness: Simple Activities for Everyone The goal of today’s course is for participants to be take this training to their homes and communities, and be able to raise awareness of the importance of Citizen and Community Readiness. This training is for you, but it’s also for you carry to others.

3. Course Objectives Upon completing this course, participants will be able to: Identify the emergencies that could occur in their homes, neighborhoods and communities Recognize the importance of family disaster planning Develop a family disaster plan and supplies kit Recognize special planning issues and integrate them into their plans Identify steps for their families to take before, during, and after disaster strikes

4. Course Objectives (2) Demonstrate understanding of the need for and types of emergency communications Build individual and community support networks Develop transportation and sheltering plans Understand the basics of long-term recovery planning Know how to (and how not to) volunteer to help before, during and after an emergency

5. Benefits of Being Prepared Helps Reduce fear and anxiety Helps Reduce the impact of disasters Communities, families, and individuals know what to do to survive and recover

7. Presidential Disaster Declarations FEMA Region VI 31 Jan 2000 to Jan 28 2011

8. The Preparedness Cycle

9. What are the risks? HIGH Every day incidents Once a year DISASTERS Once a century Prevention/ Protection Probability Of little concern LOW Impact HIGH Mitigation/Protection

10. What could happen in your…. Think about: Probability AND Potential Impact House? Workplace? School? Neighborhood? Community? County or Jurisdiction? Larger vicinity? During travel?

11. Types of Hazards Natural Hazards Fire/Wildfire Flood Hurricane Tornado Earthquake Winter Storm Pandemic Drought Crop Failure Extreme Temperatures Tsunami Technological Hazards HazMat Incident Structural Failure Industrial Accident Radiological Incident Intentional Threats Terrorist Incident Criminal Act

12. Building a Family Disaster Plan (1) Knowing the protective measures for specific hazards Recognizing warning systems and signals Evacuating from a disaster area Incorporating community, school, and other plans Identifying escape routes

13. Building a Family Disaster Plan (2) • Completing a family communications plan • Shutting off utilities • Obtaining appropriate insurance • Preparing for special needs • Caring for animals • Learning safety skills

14. “Whaz Happnin?” - Warning Systems National Emergency Alert System (EAS) National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Weather Radio Local Warning Sirens Local Reverse 911 Other? Is it time to hunker down, or run like the wind?

15. Recovery Returning Home: Is it still there, where you left it? Structural/water damage? Aiding the injured and/or displaced Health issues – sanitation, stress Safety issues Special needs of children after disaster

16. Disaster Supplies Kit • What supplies do you need at home? At your workplace? In your car? • Supplies checklists: • First Aid Supplies • Prescription & Non-Prescription Medicines • Sanitation & Hygiene Supplies • Tools/Equipment (Tools, Kitchen Items, Comfort Items) • Food & Water • Clothes & Bedding • Documents & Keys

17. Disaster Supplies Checklists: Home/Vehicle/Work (1 of 6) First Aid Supplies: Supplies Home (√) Vehicle (√) Work (√) Adhesive bandages, various sizes 5” x 9” sterile dressing Conforming roller gauze bandage Triangular bandages 3” x 3” sterile gauze pads 4” x 4” sterile gauze pads Roll 3” cohesive bandage Germicidal hand wipes or waterless, alcohol- based hand sanitizer Antiseptic wipes Pairs large, medical grade, non-latex gloves Tongue depressor blades Adhesive tape, 2” width Antibacterial ointment Cold pack Scissors (small, personal) Tweezers Assorted sizes of safety pins Cotton balls Thermometer Tube of petroleum jelly or other lubricant Sunscreen CPR breathing barrier, such as a face shield First Aid Manual

18. Disaster Supplies Checklists: Home/Vehicle/Work (2 of 6) Prescription & Non-Prescription Medical Supplies: Aspirin and non-aspirin pain reliever Anti-diarrhea medication Antacid (for stomach upset) Laxative Vitamins Prescriptions Extra eyeglasses/contact lenses

19. Disaster Supplies Checklists: Home/Vehicle/Work (3 of 6) Sanitation and Hygiene Supplies: Washcloth and towel Heavy-duty plastic garbage bags and ties for personal sanitation uses and toilet paper Towelettes, soap, hand sanitizer Medium-sized plastic bucket with tight lid Tooth paste, toothbrushes Disinfectant and household chlorine bleach Shampoo, comb, and brush A small shovel for digging a latrine Deodorants, sunscreen Toilet paper Razor, shaving cream Lip balm, insect repellent Contact lens solutions Mirror Feminine supplies

20. Disaster Supplies Checklists: Home/Vehicle/Work (4 of 6) Tools: Portable, battery-powered radio or TV and extra batteries NOAA Weather Radio, if appropriate for your area Flashlight and extra batteries Signal flare Matches in a waterproof container (or waterproof matches) Shut-off wrench, pliers, shovel, & other tools Duct tape and scissors Plastic sheeting Whistle Small canister, ABC-type fire extinguisher Tube tent Compass Work gloves Paper, pens, and pencils Needles and thread Battery-operated travel alarm clock Kitchen Items: Manual can opener Mess kits or paper cups, plates, and plastic utensils All-purpose knife Household liquid bleach to treat drinking water Sugar, salt, pepper Aluminum foil and plastic wrap Resealable plastic bags Small cooking stove and a can of cooking fuel (if food must be cooked) Comfort Items: Games • Cards Books • Toys for Children Snack Foods

21. Disaster Supplies Checklists: Home/Vehicle/Work (5 of 6) Food & Water: Water (1-2 Gallons/day/person) Ready-to-eat meats, fruits, & vegetables Canned or boxed juices, milk, & soup High-energy foods such as peanut butter, jelly, low-sodium crackers, granola bars, and trail mix Vitamins Special foods for infants or persons on special diets Cookies, hard candy Instant coffee Cereals Powdered milk Clothing & Bedding Supplies: Complete change of clothes Sturdy shoes or boots Rain gear Hat and gloves Extra socks Extra underwear Thermal underwear Sunglasses Blankets/sleeping bags and pillows

22. Disaster Supplies Checklists: Home/Vehicle/Work (6 of 6) Documents & Keys: • Personal identification • Cash and coins • Credit cards • Extra set of house & car keys • Copies of the following: • Birth certificate • Marriage certificate • Driver’s license • Social Security cards • Passports • Wills • Deeds • Inventory of household goods • Insurance papers • Immunization records • Bank and credit card account numbers • Stocks and bonds • Emergency contact list and phone numbers • Map of the area & phone numbers of places you could go

23. Basic Disaster Supplies Kit Food & water for (X) people for 3-7 days Radio, Flashlight, extra batteries First Aid Kit – prescription & non-prescription Hygiene Items – Toilet paper, toothbrush, etc. Clothes & Bedding Safety items – Matches, Whistle, Kitchen Items – Knife, Can Opener, etc. Documents, keys, credit & ID cards Cash Special Needs Items – pet supplies, comfort items

24. Activities for Citizens Handout One – Family Disaster Plan Template Handout Two – Disaster Supplies Checklist Individual Citizen activities for prevention and Mitigation Evacuation Route Planning Planning for longer-term recovery

25. Community Emergency Preparedness Although in this segment we are talking about different aspects of community preparedness, here again, we expect the audience to be the “average citizen,” not first responders or emergency management professionals. However, local volunteer organizations who are not routinely active in disasters may also benefit significantly from this training.

26. Levels of Response to Disaster

27. Emergencies in our Community: Who Responds? • Governmental Organizations • Local police, county sheriff, local DPS troopers • Local professional and volunteer fire-fighters • Local and county public works personnel • Commercial and Private Organizations • Local EMS and medical personnel • Local grocery and hardware stores • Commercial organizations who maintain emergency supplies, equipment and trained personnel

28. Emergencies in our Community: Who Responds? (2) • Non-profit and Faith-based Organizations • Food Banks • Churches • Service Organizations • Volunteers • Organization-affiliated volunteers • Unaffiliated volunteers Do communities respond only to emergencies within their own borders?

29. Preparedness Activities (IS-909, 1 of 2) Handouts You Can Use: Home Safe Home • Simple Safety Measures: Handout Safeguarding Your Valuables • Protecting Valuables: Checklist Handout • Protecting Valuables: Tips Handout Pet/Service Animal Preparedness • Protecting Pets and Service Animals: Handout Rx for Readiness • “Stay Healthy” Kit: Handout • Germ Busters Activities Going Off Grid: Utility Outages • Outage Checklist: Handout Coming Home After a Disaster • Who Does What? Handout • Recovery Action Plan: Handout Preparedness: The Whole Community • The Whole Community: Handout

30. Preparedness Activities (IS-909, 2 of 2) Handouts You Can Use: Preparedness on a Shoestring • Family Disaster Kit: Handout Where Is Everybody? • Plan to Stay in Touch: Handout Who Can You Count on? Who Counts on You? • Establishing a Support Network: Handout Easy Out: Getting to Safety • Evacuation Checklist: Handout Storm Safe: Sheltering in Place • Safe Havens: Handout • Mark the Safe Spots: Handout • Shelter Together: Activities Disaster Plan Dress Rehearsal • Dealing With the Disaster Deck: Handout Hunting Home Hazards • Home Hazard Hunt: Handout • Chemical Emergencies: Handout An Ounce of Fire Prevention • Fire Prevention Guidelines: Handout • Activities: Getting Fired Up for Prevention Putting Out Fires • Fire Basics: Handout • Fire Extinguishers: Handout • Fire Safety Rules: Handout

31. Preparedness: The Whole Community IS-909 Handout: Community preparedness is a key priority in lessening the impact of disasters. It is critical that all community members take steps to prepare in advance of an event. Effective community preparedness occurs at all levels including: • Government • Public & Private Sectors • Neighborhood • Individuals and Households

32. Preparedness: The Whole Community (2) Government Government has the responsibility to: • Develop, test, and refine emergency operations plans. • Ensure emergency responders have adequate skills and resources, and provide services to protect and assist their citizens. • Involve the community in the planning process. • Provide reliable, actionable information. • Encourage training, practicing, and volunteer programs. Government emergency service providers include: • Emergency Management: Prepares for & coordinates response & recovery to disasters. • Law Enforcement: Maintains law and order. • Fire and Rescue: Protects life and property. • Emergency Medical Services: Provides preventative and emergency medical services. • Public Works: Maintains & repairs infrastructure such as roads, bridges, water, sewage, utilities, etc. • Human Services: Provides food, shelter, and counseling following a disaster.

33. Preparedness: The Whole Community (3) Private-Sector and Nongovernmental Organizations have a responsibility to participate in community preparedness. The private sector is a key partner in incident management activities at all levels. The private sector: Is responsible for most of the critical infrastructure (i.e., telephone services, banking) in the Nation and thus may require assistance in the wake of a disaster or emergency. Provides goods and services critical to the response and recovery process, either on a paid basis or through donations. Nongovernmental and voluntary organizations are essential partners in responding to incidents. Nongovernmental and voluntary organizations assist in providing: Sheltering, emergency food supplies, counseling services, & other vital services to support response & promote the recovery of disaster victims. Specialized services that help individuals with special needs, including those with disabilities.

34. Preparedness: The Whole Community (4) Individuals and households play an important role in the overall emergency management strategy by: Reducing hazards in and around their homes. Preparing an emergency supply kit and household emergency plan. Monitoring emergency communications carefully. Volunteering with an established organization. Enrolling in emergency response training courses All members of the community should: Learn about community alerts and warnings, evacuation routes, and how to get critical information. Take training in preparedness, first aid, and response skills. Practice skills and personal plans through periodic drills in multiple settings. Network and be able to help others. Participate in community feedback opportunities. Report suspicious activity. Volunteer

35. Preparedness: The Whole Community (5) Engaging the Whole Community Citizen Corps is the grassroots movement to strengthen community safety and preparedness through increased engagement of all sectors of the community. Citizen Corps is administered by the Federal Emergency Management Agency, but implemented locally. The goal of Citizen Corps is to make communities safer, more prepared, and more resilient when incidents occur. Citizen Corps Councils bring government and community leaders together to ensure emergency plans more effectively reflect the community. The goals of the Councils are to: Tailor activities to reach all sectors of the community. Identify and build on existing strengths. Increase collaboration between government and community. Expand integration of community resources into plans and protocols. Encourage personal/organizational preparedness through outreach, training, and exercises. Promote volunteer opportunities for ongoing community safety and surge capacity in disasters.

36. Preparedness: The Whole Community (6) Get Involved Preparedness requires active participation from all. Start the process by talking to your friends and family about the hazards in your area and what steps you all need to take to be able to help each other in a crisis – large or small. Ask about emergency planning at your workplace, your schools, your place of worship, and other social settings. Make sure government officials have a plan and are connected to community authorities on emergency management and planning.

37. Preparedness: The Whole Community (7) Consider volunteer opportunities to get your community better prepared for any emergency, including: • Become a Community Emergency Response Team (CERT) member. The CERT Program educates people about disaster preparedness for hazards that may affect their area. The program trains team members in basic disaster response skills, such as fire safety, light search and rescue, team organization, and disaster medical operations. • Using the training learned in the classroom and during exercises, CERT members can assist others in their neighborhood or workplace following an event when professional responders are not immediately available to help. For more information go to: https://www.citizencorps.gov/cert/ • Volunteer with a nonprofit organization and be trained before the next disaster. There are many organizations and faith-based groups in your community that have active disaster programs and need volunteers. The following groups offer a wide range of services following a disaster: • http://www.nvoad.org/ • http://www.serve.gov/ • http://www.citizencorps.gov/ • http://handsonnetwork.org/ • http://www1.networkforgood.org/ • http://www.redcross.org/en/volunteer

38. Building Community Networks • Local Government Officials – Generally kinda busy during emergencies • Local Volunteer and Service Organizations • Who does what for whom? How do you get in touch with them? Do you have a contact list? • Local Faith-based Organizations – May provide secular services for those not associated with their organization • American Red Cross – Are they active in your community?

39. 15 Emergency Support Functions ESF #1 Transportation ESF #2 Communications ESF #3 Public Works and Engineering ESF #4 Firefighting ESF #5 Emergency Management ESF #6 Mass Care, Emergency Assistance, Housing, and Human Services ESF #7 Logistics Management and Resource Support ESF #8 Public Health and Medical Services ESF #9 Search and Rescue ESF #10 Oil and Hazardous Materials Response ESF #11 Agriculture and Natural Resources ESF #12 Energy ESF #13 Public Safety and Security ESF #14 Long-Term Community Recovery ESF #15 External Affairs

40. Long Term Recovery Considerations • Applying for Federal assistance • Keeping people informed • Mitigation measures • Donations Management • Partnerships with business and industry • Competing interests • Environmental issues • Public health measures • Unmet needs of victims • Expensive infrastructure

41. Volunteering to Help You can volunteer your…. • Time and skills • To be effective, join a volunteer organization, train, practice and get certified before the disaster • Work to prevent and mitigate risks in your own spaces before an incident occurs • Money – In an emergency, cash is king • Donations in kind – Requires donations management

42. Further Information – Before, During, After www.ready.gov: A one-stop shop for emergency information • Hurricanes: http://www.ready.gov/hurricanes • Floods: http://www.ready.gov/floods • Wildfires: http://www.ready.gov/wildfires • Tornadoes: http://www.ready.gov/tornadoes Thunderstorms & Lightning, Winter Storms & Extreme Cold, Extreme Heat, Earthquakes, Landslides, Pandemic, Blackouts, HazMat Incidents, Home Fires, Household Chemical Emergencies, Nuclear Power Plants, Explosions, Chemical and Biological Threats, Nuclear Blasts, Radiological Dispersion Devices Warning Systems, Shelters, Community Plans, Evacuation, Recovery, Workplace Plans, School Emergency Plans

43. What Are Your Questions?