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Learning Styles

Learning Styles. Peterborough Trainers Group June 2007. Why This Topic ?. I have noted major differences in trainees ! Sometimes the clinical knowledge base is good, but functioning appears poor. Found an interesting way of dividing these differences …

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Learning Styles

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  1. Learning Styles Peterborough Trainers Group June 2007

  2. Why This Topic ? • I have noted major differences in trainees ! • Sometimes the clinical knowledge base is good, but functioning appears poor. • Found an interesting way of dividing these differences … • The Field dependence model – may help trainers work through these issues.

  3. Aims for Today • Discuss types of learner. • Discuss reasons for mismatch • Look at a bit of theory • Stimulate debate from experience to date. • Discussion from recent observation

  4. Learning Styles There are many definitions of learning styles. Garger and Guild (1984) define learning styles as “stable and pervasive characteristics of an individual, expressed through the interaction of one’s behaviours and personality as one approaches a learning task”

  5. Field –dependant learners : Relate well to peers Use external frames of reference Need external reinforcement Need structured work Good interpersonal skills Need help problem solving Field –independent learners: Require little interaction with peers Use internal frame of reference. Intrinsic reinforcement Structure own learning. Need help in social skills. Good at problem solving Key Types-Learners

  6. Key Types- Trainers • Field dependent • Prefer interaction with learners • Reluctant to express criticism. • Concerned with a positive atmosphere. • Field Independent • Prefer formal approach • Emphasise their own standards • Focus on content rather than attitude or ambience.

  7. Field-dependent andField Independent Characteristics (Garger & Guild, 1984) • Field Dependent Learners • attends best to material relevant to own experience • requires externally defined goals and reinforcements • needs organization provided • more affected by criticism • uses spectator approach for concept attainment

  8. Field-dependent andField Independent Characteristics (Garger & Guild, 1984) • Field Dependent Learner • perceives globally • experiences in a global fashion, adheres to structures as givenships • social orientation • learns material with social content best

  9. Get involved, open-minded, enthusiastic, love new things: ‘I’ll try anything once’ Honey & Mumford Learning Styles Practical, experimental, down to earth: ‘There is always a better way’ Activists Pragmatists Reflectors Look for principles, logical, perfectionist: ‘What are the basic assumptions’ • Stand back, think, cautious: ‘Look before you leap’ Theorists

  10. Adapted from Colin Rose(1987). Accelerated Learning.

  11. Use of this theory ? • All seems to go well when trainees have the same mind set to the trainer ! • This gives a logical way of looking at fundamental differences and helps identify communication problems. • Looking at these areas early on may prevent a divergence of ways when the mind sets are fundamentally different.

  12. Famous educational quote “The most important single factor influencing learning is what the learner already knows. Ascertain this and teach accordingly” Ausubel (1968) “Educational psychology: a cognitive view”

  13. Referrence • Kolb D. & Fry R. 1975 Towards an applied theory of experiential learning 33-57 in C.Cooper Theories of Group Processes Wiley, London • Tennant, M. 1988. Psychology and adult learning. Routledge, London • Witkin, H., Moore, C., Goodenough, D. and Cox, P. 1977 Field-dependent and field-independent cognitive styles and their educational implications. Review of Educational Research 47, (1) 1-64

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