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Tagging the Physical World

Tagging the Physical World. Gregory J Pottie Professor, Electrical Engineering Department Associate Dean, Research and Physical Resources UCLA Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science pottie@icsl.ucla.edu. Outline. Relation of sensor networks and RFID

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Tagging the Physical World

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  1. Tagging the Physical World Gregory J Pottie Professor, Electrical Engineering Department Associate Dean, Research and Physical Resources UCLA Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science pottie@icsl.ucla.edu

  2. Outline • Relation of sensor networks and RFID • RFID networks as trigger for higher bandwidth services • Retail example • RFID and other tags as lowest layer in sensor network • Environmental applications

  3. Embedded Networked Sensing • Micro-sensors, on-board processing, wireless interfaces feasible at very small scale--can monitor phenomena “up close” • Enables spatially and temporally dense environmental monitoring Embedded Networked Sensing will reveal previously unobservable phenomena Ecosystems, Biocomplexity Contaminant Transport Marine Microorganisms Seismic Structure Response

  4. Science Application System Development • Biology/Biocomplexity • Microclimate monitoring • Triggered image capture • Contaminant Transport • County of Los Angeles Sanitation Districts (CLASD) wastewater recycling project, Palmdale, CA • Seismic monitoring • 50 node ad hoc, wireless, multi-hop seismic network • Structure response in USGS-instrumented Factor Building • Marine microorganisms • Detection of a harmful alga • Experimental testbed w/autonously adapting sensor location

  5. Grade 7-12 Science Education:Sensor Networks as Experimental tool Area 1 Area 2 Area 3

  6. New Directions Science Applications Security Precision Agriculture Global seismic Grids/facilities Tropical biology Theatre,Film,TV Coral reef Gaming Macro-Programming Adaptive Sampling RFIDs Bayesian Techniques High Integrity NIMS

  7. RFID and Sensor Networks • Sensor network: • Nodes include communication, signal processing, and sensing capability (e.g., for monitoring of physical phenomenon) • Processing at source and multi-hop communications reduce bandwidth requirements • Vast range of sizes, capabilities (linux boxes, motes, “dust”) • Passive RFID tag network: • Readers are the sensor nodes, tags are the objects to be detected • RFID nodes with sensors and active communication: • These are classic sensor networks

  8. RFID and Retail Operations • Scanning: optical scan of bar code for goods/frequent shopper number • Store database for inventory and tracking of buying habits; cash register • Credit/debit card: magnetic swipe • Remote database for credit information, with connection to cash register • Both can be replaced with RFID but neither has any substantial electronic records management implications • In short run, maximal re-use of existing infrastructure and software

  9. RFID and the Consumer • Consumers equipped with readers (say extra PDA accessory) may be able to obtain lots of information: • Price, Consumer report • Manufacturing history (sweatshop labor?) • Ingredients list (with automated check against allergies) • Alternative products, possibly with targeted advertising • Tag acts as trigger for services requiring web access with far higher data rates than store’s financial transactions • Opportunity for e-shopping types of information in malls, including the pop-up ads (e.g. “Minority Report”) • Could also less conveniently be done with bar codes

  10. RFID and Pervasive Computing • RFID example of technology that binds information to individual items (including people) • Not the first and won’t be the last • These technologies in general simplify collection of diverse information about the object • Communications infrastructure needs dominated by the new services that are enabled, rather than merely reading the tags • Who controls the data? • Who will pay for the infrastructure follows

  11. Tags and Sensors • Ecology monitoring • Visual tags on plants or animals • Cameras for studying growth, sensors for environmental conditions • Need to be sure that it is the same object so that can accumulate measurements over time and space • The sensors represent vastly more information than the ID per se, but tags can significantly reduce required signal processing complexity • Tags can play similar role in military operations (burrs and lures)

  12. Sensor-Coordinated Mobility Actuation: Networked Info-Mechanical Systems (NIMS) • NIMS Architecture: Robotic, aerial access to full 3-D environment • Enable sample acquisition • Coordinated Mobility • Enables self-awareness of Sensing Uncertainty • Sensor Diversity • Diversity in sensing resources, locations, perspectives, topologies • Enable reconfiguration to reduce uncertainty and calibrate • NIMS Infrastructure • Enables speed, efficiency • Provides energy transport for sustainable presence • Use of tags • Can draw attention of network

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