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LBA Fluxtower Sites: Vastly Diverse Samples of Amazonian Terrain

LBA Fluxtower Sites: Vastly Diverse Samples of Amazonian Terrain. Antonio Donato Nobre Celso Randow Camilo Daleles Renno Luz Adriana Cuartas Alessandro Carioca de Araujo Scott Saleska. LBA Fluxtower Synthesis Group GEOMA Environmental Physics Group

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LBA Fluxtower Sites: Vastly Diverse Samples of Amazonian Terrain

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  1. LBA Fluxtower Sites: Vastly Diverse Samples of Amazonian Terrain Antonio Donato Nobre Celso Randow Camilo Daleles Renno Luz Adriana Cuartas Alessandro Carioca de Araujo Scott Saleska LBA Fluxtower Synthesis Group GEOMA Environmental Physics Group INPA Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia INPE Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais University of Arizona USA VUA Free Universtity of Amsterdam Holland

  2. Topography has strong influence on soils and ecosystems terrain soil vegetation

  3. HAND, a new quantitative terrain approach • Hydrology ASU catchment (LBA) • hillslope hydrology, • ground water, • stream flow, • vegetation-water relations (Tomasella et al 2007, Hodnet et al 2007a, Hodnet et al 2007b, Waterloo et al 2006, Cuartas et al 2007) • Terrain analysis (GEOMA) • Digital elevation model (SRTM) • Terrain descriptor (Rennó et al 2008) • Field validation and testing • Terrain vs Hydrology

  4. Questions and Assumptions • Tower significant footprint usually does not exceed 10 km • Therefore, terrain around the towers within a circle with 10 km radius can be hypothetically associated with flux-data • Remote sensing data require broader and representative validations • testing representativeness of the assumed tower footprint (10 km), we choose an encompassing circle of 50 km radius for comparisons

  5. 50 km 10 km SRTM São Gabriel da Cachoeira

  6. SRTM São Gabriel Flood land Mask By Novo, Mellack et al

  7. HAND map São Gabriel 10% Plateau 8% Slope 36% Ecotone 42% Waterlogged 4% Flooded

  8. SRTM Manaus K34 & C14

  9. SRTM Manaus K34 Flood land Mask By Novo, Mellack et al

  10. HAND map Manaus K34 19% Plateau 31% Slope 20% Ecotone 20% Waterlogged 10% Flooded

  11. SRTM Caxiuana

  12. SRTM Caxiuana Flood land Mask By Novo, Mellack et al

  13. HAND map Caxiuana 12% Plateau 2% Slope 20% Ecotone 30% Waterlogged 36% Flooded

  14. SRTM Santarem km 67

  15. SRTM Santarem km 67 Flood land Mask By Novo, Mellack et al

  16. HAND map Santarem km 67 41% Plateau 27% Slope 6% Ecotone 6% Waterlogged 20% Flooded

  17. Ji-parana

  18. SRTM Ji-parana Flood land Mask By Novo, Mellack et al

  19. HAND map Ji-parana 17% Plateau 24% Slope 25% Ecotone 32% Waterlogged 2% Flooded

  20. SRTM Sinop

  21. SRTM Sinop Flood land Mask By Novo, Mellack et al

  22. HAND map Sinop 47% Plateau 8% Slope 21% Ecotono 21% Waterlogged 4% Flooded

  23. Representativeness of Flux-sites for RS Sinop K34 Caxiuana Terrain classes, 50 km / 10 km ratios Nobre et al

  24. Comparing sites • Hydrology • New spatially accurate data, vital to feed models • Vegetation • Powerful predictor of community distribution • Potential proxy for biomass • Topography • Metric for topographic roughness • Coupled terrain/footprint analysis

  25. Coupled terrain/footprint analysis Statistics for Manaus C14

  26. Footprints C14 Manaus Topography Cross Section vs flux contribution with distance Wet unstable Wet stable Each footprint isoline encloses a zone of probability for flux signal source

  27. Footprints C14 Manaus Dry unstable Dry stable

  28. Sao Gabriel (dry unstable) Caxiuana Manaus C14 Manaus K34 Site Footprint Comparison WET UNSTABLE Santarem km 83 Santarem km 67 Sinop Ji-parana

  29. Tower Site HAND map Comparison Manaus K34 Sinop Santarem K 67 Manaus C14 Caxiuana S Gabriel

  30. Terrain Class Distribution by Footprint Probability Class Footprint C14 Manaus Wet unstable Wet stable

  31. Dry unstable Dry stable

  32. WET UNSTABLE SITE Comparison Caxiuana Manaus K34 Manaus C14 Santarem km 83 Santarem km 67 Sinop Ji-parana Sao Gabriel (dry unstable)

  33. Footprint conclusions • Fluxtower Footprint analysis allows matching of dynamic fluxsource data with terrain composition • Most fluxtower sites sample terrains close by (less than 1 km radius), skewing the weight of their measurements to such terrains. • Much more detailed footprint significance analysis can yield a potentially good indication of how to interpret terrain/ecosystem contribution to flux data

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