The Cardiovascular System

1. Rollin’ with the Flow The Cardiovascular System

2. What does it do? • Circulates blood throughout the entire body. • Carries nutrients to and from all of the cells of the body. • Carries wastes away from all of the cells of the body for expulsion.

3. What makes the system work? • The HEART • The pump that makes the entire system work • Made up of muscle

4. How Many Chambers • 2 Upper—Atria • 2 Lower—Ventricles • To test yourself on the heart’s anatomy, see: http://www.gwc.maricopa.edu/class/bio202/cyberheart/hartint0.htm

5. Atria • Receives blood from the body and sends it to the ventricles to be sent to the body • Smaller chambers • Pumps blood to the ventricles

6. Right Atrium • Receives unoxygenated blood from the body through the vena cava • Pumps blood to the right ventricle through the Tricuspid valve • The natural pacemaker (for more on the body’s electrical system check out: http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/life/human-biology/heart4.htm

7. Left Atrium • Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs through the pulmonary vein • Pumps oxygenated blood to the left ventricle through the Bicuspid or Mitral valve

8. Ventricles • Larger, stronger chambers • Sends blood to the body

9. Right Ventricle • Receives unoxygenated blood from the right atrium through the Tricuspid valve • Pumps unoxygenated blood to the lungs through the pulmonary valve to release CO2 and pick up O2

10. Left Ventricle • Receives blood from the left atrium through the Bicuspid or Mitral valve • Pumps blood to the body through the Aortic valve and into the aorta • Largest and strongest chamber

11. Circulation

12. Circulation

13. Flows Away from the Heart • Arteries • Generally speaking, arteries carry oxygenated blood to the body--- AWAY from the heart to the cells of the body • The exception is the pulmonary artery which carries unoxygenated blood away from the heart to the lungs

14. The LARGEST Artery • AORTA • Largest artery in the body • Attached to the left ventricle where it receives the oxygenated blood and disperses it throughout the body

15. Flow TO the Heart • Veins • Generally speaking, veins are vessels that carry unoxygenated blood back to the heart • The exception is the Pulmonary vein which carries oxygenated blood back to the heart from the lungs

16. The LARGEST Vein • VENA CAVA—attached to the right atrium • Superior-collects unoxygenated blood from the upper body • Inferior-collects unoxygenated blood from the lower body

17. Smaller • Arterioles—smaller arteries that carry blood away from the heart to the cells • Venules—smaller veins that carry blood to the heart away from the cells

18. smaller yet • Capillaries • Smallest vessels that carry blood between arterioles and venules • Where the exchange of nutrients and wastes—O2 and CO2 takes place • “Where HEMO does his work”

19. BLOOD • Let’s watch a video on your blood: http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=49C615DC-8872-4CD7-A0BA-5840A0F09367 • Transporting substance in the body • Delivers O2, hormones, and nutrients to cells • Carries wastes including CO2 away from cells—to kidneys and lungs for expulsion • Check Teen Health for Blood info related to you….a teenager!! http://kidshealth.org/teen/your_body/body_basics/blood.html

20. Blood

21. Blood’s Make-up • Plasma • Fluid in which the other parts of the blood are suspended • Contains nutrients, proteins, salt, and hormones • Made up of mostly water---90%

22. Blood’s Make-up • Red Blood Cells • Transport O2 to the cells and tissues of the body • Hemoglobin—O2-carrying protein in blood that also carries CO2 from the cells to the lungs for release

23. Blood’s Make-up • White Blood Cells • Protects the body from infection and fights infection when it occurs

24. Blood’s Make-up • Platelets • Cells that prevent the body’s loss of blood • Sticky and clot-forming

25. Blood’s Make-up • For more information on the components of your blood, check out the following web site: http://anthro.palomar.edu/blood/blood_components.htm

26. APA Citations • Bianco, C. (2011). How Your Heart Works. How Stuff Works. Retrieved November 1, 2011, from http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/life/human-biology/heart4.htm. • Bronson, M., & Merki, D. (2005). Glencoe Health, 9th Edition. Woodland Hills, CA: McGraw-Hill Companies. • Colgren Communications (Producer).  (1997). Human Body Systems: The Circulatory System. [Full Video].  Available from http://www.discoveryeducation.com/. • Crimanda, J. (1999). Heart Anatomy: Interior View. Bio202. Retrieved November 1, 2011, from http://www.gwc.maricopa.edu/class/bio202/cyberheart/hartint0.htm. • Nemours Foundations. (20011). Why We Need It. Teens Health. Retrieved November 1, 2001, from http://kidshealth.org/teen/your_body/body_basics/blood.html. • O’neil, D. (2011). Blood Components. Retrieved November 1, 2011, from http://anthro.palomar.edu/blood/blood_components.htm.

27. APA Citations (con’t) • [Untitled photographs of blood cells]. Retrieved February 11, 2009, from http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/82/SEM_blood_cells.jpg. • [Untitled graphic of capillaries]. Retrieved February 12, 2009, from http://0.tqn.com/d/biology/1/0/k/1/capillary.gif. • [Untitled graphics of human heart]. Retrieved March 3, 2010, from http://www.texasheartinstitute.org/HIC/Anatomy/Anatomy.cfm. • [Untitled graphics of veins and arteries]. Retrieved March 3, 2010, from http://0.tqn.com/d/biology/1/0/g/1/artery.gif. • [Untitled animations of beating heart]. Retrieved March 12, 2011, from http://www.worldinvisible.com/apologet/humbody.htm.