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Enhancing Plant Biomass for Biotechnology: Targeting Lignin Modifications

Developing strategies to improve plant biomass for industrial biotechnology by targeting lignin modifications. Research in Dundee, a city of discovery with a thriving life sciences sector contributing significantly to the local economy.

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Enhancing Plant Biomass for Biotechnology: Targeting Lignin Modifications

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  1. Targeting lignin to improve plant biomass for industrial biotechnology Modificaciones de ligninaparamejorarbiomasa en Biotechnologia industrial

  2. Dundee – City of Discovery • Population 185,000 • Education city • Life Sciences contributes 16% of local economy • Mild climate

  3. Top UK university department for Biological Sciences (REF 2014) • Only UK university in top 50 of Nature Innovation Index 2017 (world 26th) • In top 30 in Leiden rankings for global scientific impact • Plant Sciences one of 8 Research Divisions in SLS

  4. 70-80% sugars 20-30% lignin

  5. Xylans / hemicellulose PRODUCTS Pretreatment + enzymes = saccharification

  6. Mapping natural mutants in digestibility/saccharification by GWAS Bio MA

  7. 1.Extensive germplasm collection (Iselect/exome capture)

  8. 2. Sugar yield data Straw Pretreat; mild alkali Enzyme digestion Determine amount of sugars released Amount of sugar released from straw 640 elite barley varieties ranked by straw sugar yield Helena Oakey JordiComadran Reza Shafiei Robbie Waugh lab McQueen Mason lab Oakey et al (2013) Biotechnology for Biofuels 6:185 

  9. Sugar yield Sugar yield 1 1 2 2 Allele Allele Saccharification GWAS All cultivars with allele 2 All cultivars with allele 2 All cultivars with allele 1 All cultivars with allele 1 Main saccharification peaks on 2H, 5H and 6H Helena Oakey Amy Learmonth

  10. Candidate gene workflow – 6H QTL 6H 52-55 cM : 2051 genes 416 genes expressed in tillers (RNAseq) 45 genes differentially expressed in opposing haplotypes at QTL peak Candidates include 6 lignin biosynth genes + TFs Cultivars with high sugar yield have lower expression of lignin biosynthesis genes RNA seq: Jason Kam, Helena Oakey, Micha Beyer

  11. Targeting lignin biosynthesis genes in transgenic barley Bio MA

  12. REF1 Unique features of the lignin pathway in grasses Flavonoids

  13. CAD 25.3 CONTROL Transgenics Control CAD reduced Barley CAD RNAi plants CONTROL CAD suppression modifies lignin composition Marta Maluk

  14. Dicots Grasses Cytoplasm Cell wall Aldehyde-rich lignin

  15. Breeding more digestible barley and wheat with new breeding technologies Bio MA

  16. Using natural variants to breed better barley:Genomic selection to increase speed of barley breeding Training population Breeding population selection crosses GEBV GEBV GEBV GEBV GEBV GEBV Genotype and phenotype known – use to train predictive model Genotype known Predict phenotype on basis of genotype to reduce time/cost Increase speed further with Speed Breeding Ruth Hamilton James Hutton Ltd

  17. INDUSTRIAL OUTCOMES • Straw improved for IB • New strategies for manipulating biomass • Optimised pretreatments • New enzymes for saccharification • Engineered organisms for fermentation • Optimised processing for output fuels and chemicals WP1 WP2 WP3 WP4 PRODUCT YIELD IMPROVED FEEDSTOCKS COMBINATORIAL PRETREATMENT NEW ENZYME COCKTAILS FERMENTATION WITH ENGINEERED STRAINS York Nottingham York Dundee MULTIFACTORIAL DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS WP5 Bio INTERACTION WITH INDUSTRIAL PARTNERS MA

  18. MaxBioMaxBio - Maximizing conversion yields in Biorefining InnovateUK/BBSRC IB Catalyst RiceResiliance Improving digestibility of rice straw and husks for industrial biotechnology in Vietnam and the Philippines Newton/BBSRC Barley in Ethiopia Understanding barley straw traits to improve sustainability and crop yields in Ethiopia Royal Society Challenge StrawFeed Improving digestibility of rice straw for animal feeding in Vietnam and the Philippines BBSRC GCRF Australia interactions Two way travel and research interactions BBSRC Partnering Award Universities UK international

  19. Thanks to all members of my lab past and present including: Michael Skelly AmyLearmonth Monika Zwirek AbdellahBarakate Miriam Schreiber Rajiv Sharma Ruth Hamilton Chris McClellan KasiaRataj YuguoXaio Paul Daly Reza Shafiei Jason Kam Helena Oakey Yvette Wilson Robbie Waugh, JordiComadran, Kelly Houston, Hazel Bull, Jennifer Stephens, Bill Thomas, Micha Beyer Caragh Whitehead Rachel Hallam Simon McQueen Mason Leonardo Gomez Other Collaborators: Emma Wallington (NIAB) Catherine Lapierre, INRA Versailles Rachel Burton and Ali Hassan (plus others in Adelaide) Funding:

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