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A New Paradigm in Sustainable Education

A New Paradigm in Sustainable Education. Peter Glavič University of Maribor Chemical Engineering Department. Outline of the talk. Introduction New teaching paradigm: horizontal learning (across disciplines), examples: Potentials and flows Hystersis effect LeChattelier’s Principle

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A New Paradigm in Sustainable Education

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  1. A New Paradigm in Sustainable Education Peter Glavič University of Maribor Chemical Engineering Department

  2. Outline of the talk • Introduction • New teaching paradigm: horizontal learning (across disciplines), examples: • Potentials and flows • Hystersis effect • LeChattelier’s Principle • Multidisciplinary language (standardized) • Conclusion

  3. Introduction • Increasing globalization: • Population growth – pollution increases • Extraction of raw materials, fossil fuels • Responds of nature : • Climate change • Reduced diversity of species • New diseases (e.g. viruses) • Sustainable growth?

  4. New teaching paradigm Students are under pressure: • Better knowledge in shorter time Science and engineering is spreading out: • From mono- to inter- and multi-disciplinarity Reaction – a new approach: • From isolated courses to phenomena based ones (horizontal learning, teaching across disciplines)

  5. Ex. 1: Potentials and flows • Thermodynamics: • Potentials, out-of-equilibrium states (gradients: level, velocity, temperature, concentration, knowledge, salary) • Kinetics: • Flow rates, caused by the potentials • Resistance against flow rates • Materials or society structure dependent

  6. Gradients and flowrates in some dynamic phenomena

  7. Material structure & resistance • Femto level: electron, neutron • Pico level: atom, ion, molecule, vacancy • Nano level: nucleus, lamella • Micro level: crystal, spherullite, fibrile, domain, microcrystallite • Macro level: structures, beings • Global level: nature, societies

  8. Extension to social phenomena Potentials like price, salary, capital: • Price differences – money flow rates • Salary differences – mobility of people • Capital – human, social, political, financial, organizational, technological, working, material, environmental FEANI EURING minimum requirements (10 %) for nontechnical subjects

  9. Example 2: Hysteresis Effect • Spontaneous polarization of ferroelectric and ferromagnetic materials (BaTiO3) • Reversibility of shape-memory alloys • Oxidizer effect on an active-passive metal • Ignition-extinction effect in catalysts • Climate change reversal in ecosystem • Political changes with elections

  10. Ferroelectric hysteresisOrientation of dipoles in domains under electric field Van Vlack, L H (1973), Material Science for Engineers. Addison-Wessley, Reading, p. 273.

  11. The shape-regaining behavior of SMAS Ball P (1997), Made to measure. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, p. 127.

  12. Effect of oxidizer concentration on the corrosion rate of an active-passive metal Fontana M G (1978), Corrosion Engineering, 2nd ed. McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, p. 327.

  13. Nonisothermal effectiveness factor curve for temperature variation within the particle Levenspiel O (1999), Chemical Reaction Engineering, 3rd ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York, p. 393.

  14. Das “Umkippen” eines ökologischen Systems Schurz J (1987), Ökosysteme in systemtheoretischer Hinsicht. CLB Chemie für Labor und Betrieb, 38/9, 461-466.

  15. Ex. 3: LeChatelier’s Principle • Selforganization of systems at equi-librium against external disturbance: • Reacion at high temperature absorbs heat • Magnetically induced current is opposing the original change • Vacancies in ionic solids are ionized • Law of supply and demand shifts the equilibrium to another price level

  16. Absorption of energy by molecular reorientation

  17. Multidisciplinary Language • General rules for names and symbols of quantities and units: • The International System of Units, BIPM • Quantities and Units, ISO 31 • Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry, IUPAC • Guide to the Use of SI, NIST • Rules for naming physical quantities, DIN

  18. Systematic Names & Symbols • 2000 quantities in frequent use today • ISO 31 – 420 symbols and 190 signs • Systematic names and clear rules: • Factor – coefficient – level • Lineic – areic – volumic – massic • Ratios – fractions – concentrations • Periodic system of quantities

  19. Ratios, fractions, concentracions, etc.

  20. Quotient quantities: areic, volumic, massic, molar

  21. Flow rate, areic flow rate, volumic flow rate

  22. Different conversion rates

  23. Thank you for your attention

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