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Questions of Reconstruction

Questions of Reconstruction. Focus Question. Which do you suppose is more difficult, waging war or making peace? Take the time to explain your answer in a short response. Objectives. After today’s lesson, you will: Outline the three rival plans for Reconstruction

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Questions of Reconstruction

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  1. Questions of Reconstruction

  2. Focus Question • Which do you suppose is more difficult, waging war or making peace? Take the time to explain your answer in a short response

  3. Objectives After today’s lesson, you will: • Outline the three rival plans for Reconstruction • Discuss some of the questions which faced the nation during the Reconstruction Era

  4. Results of the Civil War • The Union was preserved • Slavery ended • Emancipation in rebellious states • Thirteenth Amendment ratified in 1865 • Lincoln assassinated

  5. Results of the Civil War (II) • Economic shift in the U.S. • Wealth transferred from the South to the North • Southern economy left a shambles • Northern industrial economy grew dramatically • Numerous government contracts for goods • Revised banking standards

  6. Waging Peace Numerous questions arose • Who will be in charge of Reconstruction? • How will Southern states re-enter the Union? • What will be done with former Confederate officials? • How should the Southern political and economic structure be formed? • What will be done with the Freedmen?

  7. The 10% Plan Floated by Lincoln in 1863 • States readmitted to the Union when: • 10% of the voting population of 1860 swore allegiance to the U.S. • Swore to support emancipation • Supported the Freedmen’s Bureau

  8. Congressional Reconstruction Wade-Davis Bill • States could re-enter the Union when: • 50% of voters swore they never supported the Confederacy • Demanded guarantees of racial equality • Pocket Vetoed by Lincoln

  9. Presidential Reconstruction Proposed by Andrew Johnson • Supported the 10% Plan • Required states to ratify the 13th Amendment • Did not support the Freedmen’s Bureau

  10. Freedmen’s Bureau • Agency designed to help former slaves and poor whites • Provided health care, education, and basics • Fueled by Northern abolitionists and Free Blacks • Began during the war • Reauthorization in 1866 vetoed by President Johnson • Veto overridden by Congress

  11. Southern Responses • Three states quickly abided by 10% Plan in 1865 • Tennessee, Louisiana, and Arkansas • Elected former Confederates to the House and Senate • Infuriated the North • Refused to seat these congressmen • Sets up an issue with President Johnson

  12. Pressing the Issue • Numerous Southern states pass a series of Black Codes • Laws designed to restrict behavior of African-Americans • Draconian work rules • Rules for travel • Rules for public gatherings • Rules for carrying weapons • Clear violation of Civil Liberties

  13. Civil Rights Act of 1866 • Both Radical and Moderate Republicans angered • Black Codes attempted to erase the results of the War • Passed the first Civil Rights Act in 1866 • Vetoed by President Johnson • Violated the states rights clause of the Constitution • Ruined his chance to forge a national coalition party • Veto overridden by Congress

  14. Summary • In a short response, explain how you might have improved this lesson

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