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Anxiety Disorders

Anxiety Disorders. Anxiety disorders are the most common group of mental disorders. It is estimated that the lifetime odds of developing an anxiety disorder are greater than 25% ! That means one in four people are likely to have an anxiety disorder at some point in their lives.

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Anxiety Disorders

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  1. Anxiety Disorders

  2. Anxiety disorders are the most common group of mental disorders. It is estimated that the lifetime odds of developing an anxiety disorder are greater than 25%! That means one in four people are likely to have an anxiety disorder at some point in their lives.

  3. Examples of Anxiety Disorder Jane has a sudden and unexpected feeling of terror when she is shopping at her favorite clothes store. Her heart races and she feels like she is going to die for no reason.

  4. Jeremy begins to have terrible nightmares after witnessing an armed robbery at a convenience store. He visits his doctor six months later when he has a flashback to the robbery while driving by the store.

  5. Christine is constantly thinking about germs. She wears rubber gloves everywhere she goes and tries to wash her hands frequently to try to stop thinking about them.

  6. Sarah cannot get on a plane. When she sees a plane fly overhead she cowers and cringes. When her job requires that she fly, she quits.

  7. The followings have been identified as a causes of anxiety disorders: • Stimulants • Hereditybrain • Trauma • Personality traits

  8. Generalized Anxiety Disorder • Generalized anxiety disorder is characterized by: persistent and excessive worry • The followings are effective treatments for GAD: • Psychotherapy • Benzodiazepine • eliminating caffeine • antidepressants

  9. Generalized Anxiety Disorder Symptoms of GAD: • difficulty sleeping • muscle tension • upset stomach • irritability

  10. Research on GAD has helped us understand that it is caused by a number of combined factors. Biological factors include heredity and, commonly, a deficiency in the GABA system. Psychological factors include differences in thought patterns.

  11. Panic Disorder and Agoraphobia • Depersonalization: a feeling of being outside your own body • Derealization: a feeling that your world is not real

  12. A panic attack is • Often a symptom of panic disorder. • A combination of physical and emotional symptoms that can feel like a heart attack. • Related to a misfiring in the fear circuit of the brain. • A terrifying experience of panic when there is no reason to panic.

  13. Agoraphobia is: • Most often diagnosed with panic disorder. • Diagnosed when panic attack sufferers begin to avoid situations where they may fear having another attack.

  14. What does the fear of fear hypothesis explain? • Why people who experience panic attacks are likely to trigger more panic attacks by fearing further symptoms.

  15. Specific and Social Phobias • Many social phobias have been found to have familial connections • Exposure treatment involves • Introducing a stressful stimuli • Increasing the exposure to the stressful stimuli • Relaxation techniques

  16. Anti-anxiety medication Cause tolerance and breathing rates to drop • Adrenal Glands :involved with initiating the fear reaction

  17. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder • Treatments known to be effective for OCD • SSRIS • Anti-anxiety medications • Antidepressants • SRIS

  18. Obsessions are thoughts that are involuntary. • Obsessions can be ideas or impulses. • Obsessions can be intrusive images in a person's mind. • OCD sufferers try to control their obsessions with compulsive behavior.

  19. Compulsions can include behaviors that can't be seen, such as counting. • Thought stopping is not an effective way to eliminate compulsions. • Compulsions are used to reduce anxiety • Compulsions can take up a lot of time in a person's life.

  20. The following type of therapy is mosteffective in treating OCD :exposure and response prevention therapy

  21. OCD sufferers experience both obsessions and compulsions. • Obsessive-compulsive disorder appears to have a genetic component. • The brain scans of OCD sufferers show differences in brain chemistry. • People with OCD recognize how their thoughts are irrational.

  22. Trauma-Related Disorders Post-traumatic stress disorder, usually shortened to PTSD, is a mental disorder characterized by: • Exposure to actual or threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violence • Presence of intrusive symptoms following the exposure • Persistent avoidance of similar situations or traumatic events • Deterioration of cognition and mood • Fluctuating arousal and reactivity levels

  23. Trauma-Related Disorders • One of the first steps in treating PTSD is Returning the body to normal • Dissociation: Separation from reality • The main difference between PTSD and Acute Stress Disorder is Time

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