World History B

1. World History B SSWH15 The student will be able to describe the impact of industrialization, the rise of nationalism, and the major characteristics of worldwide imperialism. a. Analyze the process and impact of industrialization in England, Germany, and Japan, movements for political reform, the writings of Adam Smith and Karl Marx, and urbanization and its affect on women. b. Compare and contrast the rise of the nation state in Germany under Otto von Bismarck and Japan under Emperor Meiji. c. Describe the reaction to foreign domination; include the Russo-Japanese War and Young Turks. d. Describe imperialism in Africa and Asia by comparing British policies in South Africa, French policies in Indochina, and Japanese policies in Asia.

2. Define • Industrialization-Verb 1.to introduce industry into (an area) on a large scale. 2.to convert to the ideals, methods, aims, etc., of industrialism. • Industrialism-noun 1. an economic organization of society built largely on mechanized industry rather than agriculture, craftsmanship, or commerce.

3. Define • Nationalism-noun 1.national spirit or aspirations. 2.devotion and loyalty to one's own nation; patriotism. 3.excessive patriotism; chauvinism. 4.the desire for national advancement or independence. 5.the policy or doctrine of asserting the interests of one's own nation, viewed as separate from the interests of other nations or the common interests of all nations. 6.an idiom or trait peculiar to a nation. 7.a movement, as in the arts, based upon the folk idioms, history, aspirations, etc., of a nation.

4. Define • Imperialism-noun 1.the policy of extending the rule or authority of an empire or nation over foreign countries, or of acquiring and holding colonies and dependencies.

5. Define • Urbanization-verb 1. The process by which cities grow or by which societies become more urban • Urban-noun 1. Of, relating to, or located in a city. 2. Characteristic of the city or city life. .

6. define • Militarism 1. Glorification of the ideals of a professional military class. 2. Predominance of the armed forces in the administration or policy of the state. 3. A policy in which military preparedness is of primary importance to a state.

7. Adam Smith In 1776, Adam Smith published one of the most important books on economics. It was called An inquiry Into the Nature of the Wealth of Nations. Smith thought that people should be free to produce and sell products at a profit. Government should not interfere with this process. Competition would produce the best goods at the lowest prices.

8. continued Smith’s ideas are called “capitalism.” Capital is money that is used to produce more money. In a capitalist system, individuals and private businesses own and control most of the capital. Today, the United States is the most powerful capitalist nation in the world.

9. Karl Marx A German who said that all societies were made up of the “haves” and the “have nots.” The “haves” have power and wealth. The “have nots” have nothing, no money and no power.

10. Marx said powerful leaders would never willingly give up their power. He thought workers would always fight with factory and land owners. Marx believed that all of history was a class struggle between the rich (the haves) and the poor (the have nots). He thought factory owners used workers to grow rich from their labor by paying them low wages and keeping the profits for themselves.

11. Marx believed that workers could improve their lives and gain power only by violent revolution. In his book The Communist Manifesto”, he wrote “Workers of the world unite!” he believed workers had “nothing to lose…but their chains” Marx called these industrial workers the proletariat.

12. Marx saw a future society with no need for government. Each member of society would be equal. There would be no rich or poor. His ideas influenced the late 19th century and the first years of the 20th century.

13. Otto Von Bismarck • He became the Prime Minister of Prussia in 1848. He was a member of the rich landlord class and loyal to the Prussian King. He wanted to unite all the German states under Prussia’s leadership. Bismarck was a conservative and did not believe in democratic rule. In a speech to Prussia’s parliament he said the only way to solve problems was by “blood” meaning war and by “iron” meaning a king with absolute power.

14. He wanted to make Prussia a great military power and forced parliament to give him money to build a strong army. He believed that war would unite the German states. This belief is called militarism. Bismarck’s army defeated Denmark in 1864 then Austria in 1866. Next Bismarck manipulated a war between Prussia and France to defend their national honor. Prussia defeated the French in 1870 and captured the French ruler Napoleon III.

15. In the peace Treaty of Frankfurt France had to pay Prussia a huge sum of money and give up the two territories of Alsace and Lorraine. The Franco-Prussian War brought the German states together. After the Austro-Prussian War, Prussia took control of northern Germany, forming the North German Confederation. Bismarck united the German States into one strong military nation, the German Empire also known as the Second Reich.

16. Emperor Meiji • The Emperor of Japan from 1867 to 1912, during whose reign Japan was dramatically transformed from a feudal country into one of the great powers of the modern world. New leaders governed Japan in the emperor’s name. they introduced many reforms, adopted western ideas in transportation and education. They abolished feudalism and wrote a constitution based on the system Bismarck developed for Germany.

17. continued • A western style army was developed and all young men were required to serve in the army. They used this new military power to become imperialistic. They went to war with China. China lost and had to give up some of its territory. In 1904 Japan went to war with Russia and took over Korea and gained trading rights in the Russian controlled lands of China. Japan was now a world power.