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The Title Page

The Title Page. The Detection of Ethylene Glycol Based Poisons in Bourbon-based Beverages with Fluorescence Spectroscopy. The Purpose.

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The Title Page

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  1. The Title Page The Detection of Ethylene Glycol Based Poisons in Bourbon-based Beverages with Fluorescence Spectroscopy

  2. The Purpose The purpose of the research is to detect the presence, and the concentration of Ethylene Glycol Based Poisons in Bourbon-based Beverages using Fluorescence Spectroscopy

  3. Your Hypothesis • Poly Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH’s) within Bourbon, as well as common commercial sources of Ethylene Glycol (Antifreeze) exhibit Fluorescent emissions.These PAH’s & Antifreeze emissions occur at different wavelengthsFluorescence spectroscopy can be used to detect the presence and concentration of Ethylene Glycol (Antifreeze) in Bourbon beverages

  4. Your Procedural Plan • Most bourbons are Aged Inside of Charred, burned Oak Barrels • Burned Oak contains PolyAromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH’s). These PAH’s are transferred to the bourbon during Aging. • The Color and Flavor of Bourbon are derived from this Burned Oak Aging. • Trace amounts of these PAH’s are dissolved in the bourbon; these PAH’s fluoresce in the Visible Region at 480 nm.

  5. Your Procedural Plan • Antifreeze contains approximately 95% of Ethylene Glycol, which is the compound that is responsible for the cooling properties. • Antifreeze also contains Fluorescein, which is the Aromatic Compound that provides the well-known Bright Green Color at 520 nm. Fluorescein is added so that a technician can easily diagnose a leak within the engine’s cooling system.

  6. Your Procedural Plan • If ingested by Humans, Ethylene Glycol, while not immediately toxic, is metabolized within the body to Glycoaldehyde, and later metabolized to Glycolic Acid, Glyoxylic acid, and Oxalic Acid. • These three toxic metabolites cause Central Nervous System (CNS) Depression (i.e. drowsiness, and respiratory failure), followed by Cardiopulmonary Disorder, and later Renal Damage. • The Lethal Dose of Ethylene Glycol, for an adult human, is 10 milliliters.

  7. Your Procedural Plan • Fluorescence spectroscopy can be used to identify PAH’s in Bourbon, which fluorescence at 470 nm. • Ethylene glycol is most typically found in Antifreeze. Fluorescence Spectroscopy can be used to detect the typical green fluorescence, most commonly known as Antifreeze Green, with a fluorescent emission at 520 nm.

  8. The LS-50B Fluorescence Spectrometer

  9. Data Analysis Emission Spectrum of Bourbon

  10. Emission Spectrum of AntiFreeze

  11. Emission Spectrum of Bourbon Drink with Ethylene Glycol-based Poison

  12. Quantitative Results of Ethylene Glycol in Bourbon Using a Beer’s Law Regression

  13. Results • Fluorescence spectroscopy can be used to detect the presence of Antifreeze-based Ethylene Glycol (EG) Poisons in Bourbon • A Beer’s Law plot of the Fluorescence Emission versus ml of Ethylene Glycol-based Poison can be used to detect the concentration of the ethylene glycol in a bourbon beverage • Our analysis resulted in a EG concentration of 29 ml, which exceeds the lethal dose of 10 ml.

  14. References Litten, S., Babish, J., Pastel, M., & Werner, M. Relationship between fluorescence of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in complex environmental mixtures and sample mutagenicity. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, May, 2005. Vol. 28, Issue 2, p. 141, 8p, (ISSN 0007-4861), Database: SpringerLink. Cording, M. & Swinson, J. Assertive discipline in a school for pupils with emotional and behavioral difficulties.  British Journal of Special Education, June 2002. Vol. 29, Issue 2, p.72, 3p, (AN 6721010), Database: Academic Research Premier. The Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) in a Surface Soil Sample from Bamberton Cement Plant by High Pressure Liquid Chromatography. Retrieved October 20, 2006 from http://www.geocities.com/waterose_test/labs08b.html

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