“Dare We Abandon the World?”: The US and World Affairs, 1900 – 1919 US Entrance into World War I

“Dare We Abandon the World?”: • The US and World Affairs, 1900 – 1919 US Entrance into World War I Outline TR and the “Big Stick” “Moral Diplomacy” in Mexico “Neutral in Thought and Deed” Freedom of the Seas (?) “Over There” U.S. Role Home Front Fourteen Points and the Treaty of Versailles 7. Summary CQ #2: To what extent did the American nation from 1900 – 1929 resemble the American nation of 1929 – 1941? Consider ISTEP.

Three questions tonight and throughout the course:What is history?What do we know about it, especially modern American history? ?How do we know?

We will pursue our understanding of American history through critical questions.Critical questions- are open-ended, no single definitive answer- tie the past to the present- require analytical thinking (SHEG) and techniques- examine primary and secondary sources- must be supported by American history content

CQ 1 General Comments Best papers adhered to rubric criteria Thesis, thesis, thesis If trouble organizing, what does your scale look like? Use specific text / lecture examples (“capital letter terms”) Information that conflicts with your thesis must be rebutted Don’t use sources in order, likely they conflict from source to source Review tricky sources. Misinterpretation is a cardinal sin – Sumner, Methodist Social Creed (both sourcing – can a church make changes like a gov’t? Yes, no?) Almost no rebuttals , maybe because of limited words or not clear in rubric. The OTHER side is what you counter. Look up sources – who is the source? Sumner Quote/paraphrase sources, not just cite letter.

Which way does your scale tilt? How much? There’s your thesis. No “safety net” programs for unemployed, injured, etc. Child labor Child labor Roosevelt’s environmentalism Inventions of the times - light, electric motors, etc. “The Jungle” I E H A F B C D Homestead Act Lafollette, Wisconsin idea GR LF

“Dare We Abandon the World?”:the Fourteen Points and the Treaty of Versailles 8 Questions: Why was President Wilson on his hands and knees at 2 am in his hotel room many days during the Paris Peace Conference? Summary: How much did the United States change from 1914 to 1919, the WWI years?

“Dare We Abandon the World?”: • US in World War I and the Fourteen Points • “Dare We Abandon the World?”: • The US and World Affairs, 1900 – 1919 8 questions: Movie maker Robert Goldstein was sentenced to 10 years in prison for making a movie, “The Spirit of ‘76”, about the Revolutionary War

“Dare We Abandon the World?”: The US and World Affairs, 1900 – 1919 “Waging Neutrality”:US Entrance into World War I “Dare We Abandon the World?”: US in World War I and the Fourteen Points Outline TR and the “Big Stick” “Moral Diplomacy” in Mexico “Neutral in Thought and Deed” Freedom of the Seas (?) “Over There” U.S. Role Home Front Fourteen Points and the Treaty of Versailles 7. Summary CQ #2: To what extent did the American nation from 1900 – 1929 resemble the American nation of 1929 – 1941? Consider ISTEP.

“Dare We Abandon the World?”: • US in World War I and the Fourteen Points • “Dare We Abandon the World?”: • The US and World Affairs, 1900 – 1919 TR and the “Big Stick”:1. Policy of Personality Notes “There is not an event in the world today in which the United States is not interested.” - Teddy Roosevelt

“Dare We Abandon the World?”: • US in World War I and the Fourteen Points • “Dare We Abandon the World?”: • The US and World Affairs, 1900 – 1919 TR and the “Big Stick”2. The “Big Ditch”: Panama Acquisition of Panama canal zone

“Dare We Abandon the World?”: • US in World War I and the Fourteen Points • “Dare We Abandon the World?”: • The US and World Affairs, 1900 – 1919 Roosevelt Corollary

“Dare We Abandon the World?”: • US in World War I and the Fourteen Points US Entrance into World War I “Dare We Abandon the World?” The US and World Affairs, 1900 – 1919 Notes: Roosevelt maneuvers Japan, Portsmouth Treaty, 1906

“Dare We Abandon the World?”: • US in World War I and the Fourteen Points • “Dare We Abandon the World?”: • The US and World Affairs, 1900 – 1919 “Waging Neutrality”:US Entrance into World War I Outline TR and the “Big Stick” “Moral Diplomacy” in Mexico “Neutral in Thought and Deed” Freedom of the Seas (?) “Over There” U.S. Role Home Front Fourteen Points and the Treaty of Versailles 8. Summary CQ #2: To what extent did the American nation from 1900 – 1929 resemble the American nation of 1929 – 1941? Consider ISTEP.

“Dare We Abandon the World?”: • US in World War I and the Fourteen Points “Dare We Abandon the World?”: The US and World Affairs, 1900 – 1919 • “The force of America is the force of moral principle.” • - W. Wilson

“Dare We Abandon the World?”: • US in World War I and the Fourteen Points “Dare We Abandon the World?”: The US and World Affairs, 1900 – 1919 • Mexican Revolution, 1910 - 1920

Dare We Abandon the World?”: The US and World Affairs, 1900 – 1919 • US intervention in Mexico

“Dare We Abandon the World?”: • The US and World Affairs, 1900 – 1919 US Entrance into World War I Outline TR and the “Big Stick” “Moral Diplomacy” in Mexico “Neutral in Thought and Deed” Freedom of the Seas (?) “Over There” U.S. Role Home Front Fourteen Points and the Treaty of Versailles 7. Summary CQ #2: To what extent did the American nation from 1900 – 1929 resemble the American nation of 1929 – 1941? Consider ISTEP.

“Dare We Abandon the World?”: The US and World Affairs, 1900 – 19 I Didn't Raise My Boy To Be a Soldier Al Bryan w/music by Al PiantadosiTen mil - lion sol-diers to the war have gone who may nev - er re-turn a - gain.____Ten mil - lion moth - er's hearts must break for the ones who died in vain_____Head bowed down in sor - row in her lone - ly years,I heard a moth - er mur - mer through her tears:_______"I did -n't raise my boy to be a sol - dier,I brought him up to be my pride and joy.____Who dares to place a mus - ket on his shoul - derto shoot some oth - er moth -er's dar - ling boy?"Let na - tions ar - bi - trate their fu-ture trou - bles.It's time to lay the sword and gun a - way.___There'd be no war to - day if moth - ers all would say,"I did -n't raise my boy to be a sol - dier“ http://historymatters.gmu.edu/d/4942/

“Dare We Abandon the World?”: • The US and World Affairs, 1900 – 1919 • “Dare We Abandon the World?”: • US in World War I and the Fourteen Points Notes • European allegiances within America

“Dare We Abandon the World?”: • US in World War I and the Fourteen Points • “Dare We Abandon the World?”: • The US and World Affairs, 1900 – 1919 “Waging Neutrality”:US Entrance into World War I Outline TR and the “Big Stick” “Moral Diplomacy” in Mexico “Neutral in Thought and Deed” Freedom of the Seas (?) “Over There” U.S. Role Home Front Fourteen Points and the Treaty of Versailles 7. Summary CQ #2: To what extent did the American nation from 1900 – 1929 resemble the American nation of 1929 – 1941? Consider ISTEP.

“Dare We Abandon the World?”: • The US and World Affairs, 1900 – 1919 I • “Dare We Abandon the World?”: • US in World War I and the Fourteen Points • Trench stalemate shifts strategies to cut off trade with opponents.

“Waging Neutrality”: 3. Freedom of the Seas (?)

\ • “Dare We Abandon the World?”: • The US and World Affairs, 1900 – 1919 • “Dare We Abandon the World?”: • US in World War I and the Fourteen Points • US right to trade challenged by U-boat campaign

“Dare We Abandon the World?”: • The US and World Affairs, 1900 – 1919 US Entrance World War I “Dare We Abandon the World?”: US in World War I and the Fourteen Points • Wilson commits US to war, April, 1917

“Dare We Abandon the World?”: • The US and World Affairs, 1900 – 1919 • “Dare We Abandon the World?”: • US in World War I and the Fourteen Points “Waging Neutrality”:US Entrance into World War I Outline TR and the “Big Stick” “Moral Diplomacy” in Mexico “Neutral in Thought and Deed” Freedom of the Seas (?) “Over There” U.S. Role Home Front Fourteen Points and the Treaty of Versailles 7. Summary CQ #2: To what extent did the American nation from 1900 – 1929 resemble the American nation of 1929 – 1941? Consider ISTEP.

“Dare We Abandon the World?”: The US and World Affairs, 1900 – 1919 US war effort, 9/17 – 11/18

“Dare We Abandon the World?”: The US and World Affairs, 1900 – 1919 • “Dare We Abandon the World?”: • US in World War I and the Fourteen Points 8 questions: Movie maker Robert Goldstein was sentenced to 10 years in prison for making a movie, “The Spirit of ‘76”, about the Revolutionary War

“Dare We Abandon the World?”: The US and World Affairs, 1900 – 1919 • “Dare We Abandon the World?”: • US in World War I and the Fourteen Points Over There Johnnie, get your gun,Get your gun, get your gun,Take it on the run,On the run, on the run.Hear them calling, you and me,Every son of liberty.Hurry right away,No delay, go today,Make your daddy gladTo have had such a lad.Tell your sweetheart not to pine,To be proud her boy's in line. (chorus sung twice) Johnnie, get your gun,Get your gun, get your gun,Johnnie show the HunWho's a son of a gun.Hoist the flag and let her fly,Yankee Doodle do or die.Pack your little kit,Show your grit, do your bit.Yankee to the ranks,From the towns and the tanks.Make your mother proud of you,And the old Red, White and Blue. (chorus sung twice) ChorusOver there, over there,Send the word, send the word over there -That the Yanks are coming,The Yanks are coming,The drums rum-tummingEv'rywhere.So prepare, say a pray'r,Send the word, send the word to beware.We'll be over, we're coming over,And we won't come back till it's overOver there. http://www.firstworldwar.com/audio/Nora_Bayes_-_Over_There.mp3

“Dare We Abandon the World?”: • US in World War I and the Fourteen Points “Dare We Abandon the World?”: The US and World Affairs, 1900 – 1919 “Waging Neutrality”:5. Home Front Notes

“Dare We Abandon the World?”: • US in World War I and the Fourteen Points • “Dare We Abandon the World?”: • The US and World Affairs, 1900 – 1919 “Waging Neutrality”:5. Home Front

“Dare We Abandon the World?”: • The US and World Affairs, 1900 – 1919 • “Dare We Abandon the World?”: • US in World War I and the Fourteen Points “Waging Neutrality”:5. Home Front

“Dare We Abandon the World?”: The US and World Affairs, 1900 – 1919 • “Dare We Abandon the World?”: • US in World War I and the Fourteen Points “The world must be made safe for democracy. Its peace must be planted upon the tested foundations of political liberty. We have no selfish ends to serve. We desire no conquest, no dominion. We seek no indemnities for ourselves, no material compensation for the sacrifices we shall freely make. We are but one of the champions of the rights of mankind. We shall be satisfied when those rights have been made as secure as the faith and the freedom of nations can make them.” – W. Wilson, war declaration to Congress, April, 1917

“Dare We Abandon the World?”: • The US and World Affairs, 1900 – 1919 • “Dare We Abandon the World?”: • US in World War I and the Fourteen Points I

“Dare We Abandon the World?”: • The US and World Affairs, 1900 – 1919 • “Dare We Abandon the World?”: • US in World War I and the Fourteen Points Notes • Concessions made to England and France from Wilson's original 14 Points • Germanyforced to accept all blame for starting the war • Germany stripped of her colonies • Germany had to pay $33 billion in reparations (down from $100 billion)

“Dare We Abandon the World?”:the Fourteen Points and the Treaty of Versailles 8 Questions: Why was President Wilson on his hands and knees at 2 am in his hotel room many days during the Paris Peace Conference? Summary: How much did the United States change from 1914 to 1919, the WWI years?

Europe, 1914 Europe, 1919 What year was the first map created? The second? How do you account for the differences of the two maps?

“Dare We Abandon the World?”: • The US and World Affairs, 1900 – 1919 • “Dare We Abandon the World?”: • US in World War I and the Fourteen Points “The United States is the world's best hope, but if you fetter [tie up] her in the interests and quarrels of other nations, if you tangle her in the intrigues of Europe, you will destroy her powerful good, and endanger her very existence. Leave her to march freely through the centuries to come, as in the years that have gone. Strong, generous, and confident, she has nobly served mankind. Beware how you trifle with your marvelous inheritance; this great land of ordered liberty. For if we stumble and fall, freedom and civilization everywhere will go down in ruin.” - HC Lodge, in opposition to the treaty

“Dare We Abandon the World?”: The US and World Affairs, 1900 – 1919 • “Dare We Abandon the World?”: • US in World War I and the Fourteen Points Notes

Western cartoons, Treaty of Versailles

“Dare We Abandon the World?”: The US and World Affairs, 1900 – 1919 Outline TR and the “Big Stick” “Moral Diplomacy” in Mexico “Neutral in Thought and Deed” Freedom of the Seas (?) “Over There” U.S. Role Home Front Fourteen Points and the Treaty of Versailles 7. Summary CQ #2: To what extent did the American nation from 1900 – 1929 resemble the American nation of 1929 – 1941? Consider ISTEP.

“Waging Neutrality”:US Entrance into World War I http://www.firstworldwar.com/audio/Nora_Bayes_-_Over_There.mp3 VHS on TR and Ocean Apart Summary: To what extent was U.S. entrance into World War I “inevitable”? http://historymatters.gmu.edu/d/4942/

Wilson denounced Lodge and his allies as “contemptible, narrow, selfish, poor little minds that never get anywhere but run around in a circle and think they are going somewhere.”

“Waging Neutrality”: NOVEMBER ELEVENTH “We stood up and we didn't say a word, It felt just like when you have dropped your pack After a hike, and straightened out your back And seem just twice as light as any bird. We stood up straight and, God! but it was good! When you have crouched like that for months, to stand Straight up and look right out toward No-Man's-Land And feel the way you never thought you could. We saw the trenches on the other side And Jerry, too, not making any fuss, But prob'ly stupid-happy, just like us. Nobody shot and no one tried to hide. If you had listened then I guess you'd heard A sort of sigh from everybody there, But all we did was stand and stare and stare, Just stare and stand and never say a word.”

“Dare We Abandon the World?”: The US and World Affairs, 1900 – 1919 US Entrance into World War I