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World War II

World War II. Daily Agenda 1. Rise of Dictators 2. Causes of World War II 3. Early Pacific Events. World War II. The Rise of Dictators . In 1919 he founded the Fascist party in Italy. He was backed by the militia known as the Blackshirts . Benito Mussolini.

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World War II

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  1. World War II

  2. Daily Agenda 1. Rise of Dictators 2. Causes of World War II 3. Early Pacific Events

  3. World War II The Rise of Dictators In 1919 he founded the Fascist party in Italy. He was backed by the militia known as the Blackshirts. Benito Mussolini http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/life_in_fascist_italy.htm Vladimir Lenin – Set up Communist governments throughout the Russian empire. Named the USSR in 1922 http://www.biography.com/people/vladimir-lenin-9379007 •identify reasons for U.S. involvement in World War II, including Italian, German, and Japanese dictatorships and their aggression, especially the attack on Pearl Harbor.

  4. World War II Dictators continued Became Dictator of Soviet Union in 1926 Joseph Stalin Adolf Hitler Jan 30, 1933 appointed Prime Minister (Chancellor) of Germany. In Aug. 1934, he became President giving him full dictatorial powers. •identify reasons for U.S. involvement in World War II, including Italian, German, and Japanese dictatorships and their aggression, especially the attack on Pearl Harbor.

  5. World War II Dictators continued Became Emperor of Japan after hostile take-over of Manchuria Hirohito With the rise of dictators came the fear that imperialism would go wild •identify reasons for U.S. involvement in World War II, including Italian, German, and Japanese dictatorships and their aggression, especially the attack on Pearl Harbor.

  6. Causes of World War II TOTALITARIANISM Total or complete rule by a dictator With the rise of dictators came the joining of nations to build up strength and power Rome-Berlin Axis – October, 1936 = the joining of German and Italy http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/508900/Rome-Berlin-Axis Extreme pride in one’s country NATIONALISM •identify reasons for U.S. involvement in World War II, including Italian, German, and Japanese dictatorships and their aggression, especially the attack on Pearl Harbor.

  7. Causes of WWII MILITARISM Massive military buildup Germany violates the Treaty of Versailles by beginning military build-up in 1935 In March 1936, Germany began their take-over of other countries The desire to take over other countries IMPERIALISM •identify reasons for U.S. involvement in World War II, including Italian, German, and Japanese dictatorships and their aggression, especially the attack on Pearl Harbor.

  8. Daily Agenda 1. Early Events in the Pacific 2. Early Events in Europe

  9. Pacific Theatre Early events in the Pacific Japan invaded Manchuria in Sept. 1931 soon thereafter, they pulled out of the League of Nations The US staged attack on Pearl Harbor. Sunday Feb. 7, 1932, this “surprise” attack was conducted by air power on the base at Pearl Harbor •identify reasons for U.S. involvement in World War II, including Italian, German, and Japanese dictatorships and their aggression, especially the attack on Pearl Harbor.

  10. European Theatre Early Events in Europe On Oct. 3, 1935, Italy attacked Ethiopia (Abyssinia) March 7, 1936 – Germany invades the Rhineland, a demilitarized zone. •identify reasons for U.S. involvement in World War II, including Italian, German, and Japanese dictatorships and their aggression, especially the attack on Pearl Harbor.

  11. European Theatre Early Events in Europe March 1938 – Germany invades Austria September 29, 1938 – Munich Agreement (Britain and France hoping to avoid war gave in to Hitler’s demands in a policy known as “appeasement”) •identify reasons for U.S. involvement in World War II, including Italian, German, and Japanese dictatorships and their aggression, especially the attack on Pearl Harbor.

  12. European Theatre Early Events in Europe September 1938 – Germany invades the Sudetenland (a German speaking part of Czechoslovakia) August 23, 1939 – Russo-German Pact, a nonaggression treaty between Germany and Russia with a secret agreement to divide Poland. March 1939 – Germany takes the rest of Czechoslovakia. •identify reasons for U.S. involvement in World War II, including Italian, German, and Japanese dictatorships and their aggression, especially the attack on Pearl Harbor.

  13. European Theatre The War Itself September 1, 1939 – Germany invades Poland September 3, 1939 – Great Britain and France declare war on Germany. Europe was now in the grip of war. Appeasement FAILED •identify reasons for U.S. involvement in World War II, including Italian, German, and Japanese dictatorships and their aggression, especially the attack on Pearl Harbor.

  14. Initial German Successes The War Itself European Theatre Hitler invaded the Netherlands (Holland), Belgium, and Luxembourg; these 3 nations would fall by May of 1940. Conquest of Denmark and Norway – April 9, 1940, the German army attacked Norway and Denmark; both countries fell within a month. http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/maginot_line.htm By avoiding the Maginot Line, Hitler now had an easy path to France identify reasons for U.S. involvement in World War II, including Italian, German, and Japanese dictatorships and their aggression, especially the attack on Pearl Harbor.

  15. The War Itself European Theatre The Fall of France By June 4, British and French troops had evacuated Belgium through the French port of Dunkirk and across the English Channel. On June 22, 1940, France surrendered to Germany. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/765004.stm Hitler thought Britain would negotiate peace after the fall of France; however, Prime Minister Winston Churchill had other plans identify reasons for U.S. involvement in World War II, including Italian, German, and Japanese dictatorships and their aggression, especially the attack on Pearl Harbor.

  16. The War Itself European Theatre The German air force, Luftwaffe, launched an all-out air battle to destroy Britain; however, the British had radar stations and they were able to detect incoming German aircraft and direct British fighters to intercept them. Battle of Britain http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LsKDGM5KTBY German air force identify reasons for U.S. involvement in World War II, including Italian, German, and Japanese dictatorships and their aggression, especially the attack on Pearl Harbor.

  17. Daily Agenda 1. Movement in the Pacific 2. Japanese Internment

  18. Pearl Harbor The US had some indications that something might be up with Japan. On Sat. Dec. 6, an employee of Naval Intelligence (Dorothy Edgers) attempted to inform her superiors that a message showed Honolulu as a target; she was told the message could wait until Monday. General George Marshall tried to warn Pearl Harbor, but bad weather delayed the message. http://www.ww2f.com/information-requests/24242-dorothy-edgers-pearl-harbor.html identify reasons for U.S. involvement in World War II, including Italian, German, and Japanese dictatorships and their aggression, especially the attack on Pearl Harbor

  19. The War Itself Pacific Theatre December 7, 1941 A date which will live in infamy http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3VqQAf74fsE http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h-fdNYPJXS8 Bombing of Pearl Harbor identify reasons for U.S. involvement in World War II, including Italian, German, and Japanese dictatorships and their aggression, especially the attack on Pearl Harbor

  20. Pearl Harbor The Attack Itself On Sunday morning at 7:55 am, the first wave of 183 Japanese planes came in under cloud cover. Minutes later, submarines, fired torpedoes at the docked ships. By 10:00 am 18 ships were sunk or disabled, 188 planes were disabled, and 159 were destroyed. Impact of this attack? identify reasons for U.S. involvement in World War II, including Italian, German, and Japanese dictatorships and their aggression, especially the attack on Pearl Harbor

  21. The War Continues in the Pacific December 8, 1941 – The United States declares war on Japan December 11, 1941 – The United States declares war on Germany & Italy December 11, 1941 – Germany & Italy declare war on the United States identify reasons for U.S. involvement in World War II, including Italian, German, and Japanese dictatorships and their aggression, especially the attack on Pearl Harbor

  22. The War in the Pacific Continues Internment of Japanese Americans February 19, 1942 http://www.historyonthenet.com/WW2/japan_internment_camps.htm Order given by Roosevelt to put Japanese Americans into prison camps for the duration of the war April 1942 US and Filipino POW’s were taken on a brutal 6 day 120 mile trek to a prison after being captured in the Philippines. Bataan Death March http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/bataandeathmarch.htm http://www.google.com/search?q=bataan+death+march&hl=en&tbo=u&tbm=isch&source=univ&sa=X&ei=7tILUb_rFYLr2wW224DICQ&sqi=2&ved=0CEcQsAQ&biw=1280&bih=575 identify reasons for U.S. involvement in World War II, including Italian, German, and Japanese dictatorships and their aggression, especially the attack on Pearl Harbor

  23. The War in the Pacific Continues April 18, 1942 Lt. Col. James Doolittle led 16 B-25 bombers on a mission to bomb Tokyo. The crew dropped 2000 lbsbombs in retaliation for the bombing of Pearl Harbor. Retaliation bombing of Tokyo http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f25-FnGkiwo June 1942 The Aleutian Islands of Attu and Kiska (located near Alaska)became occupied by Japan . Japan also bombed Alaska, shelled the Oregon coast, and placed subs in the Gulf of Mexico. identify reasons for U.S. involvement in World War II, including Italian, German, and Japanese dictatorships and their aggression, especially the attack on Pearl Harbor

  24. Daily Agenda 1. Axis Mistakes 2. American Preparation & Aid 3. Germany faces defeat

  25. Axis Mistakes June 1941 – Hitler broke the Russo-German Pact and attacked the Soviet Union. Problem? Operation Barbarosa http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/operation_barbarossa.htm http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lhlDMYAGoMo Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor identify reasons for U.S. involvement in World War II, including Italian, German, and Japanese dictatorships and their aggression, especially the attack on Pearl Harbor

  26. American Preparation and Aid The Neutrality Act was created to keep the United States out of WWII. It prohibited the shipment of war materials to warring nations and it prohibited American citizens from traveling on the warring nations ships except at their own risk. The 1939 revision allowed cash and carry to warring nations, or it allowed the U.S. to sell weapons to the fighting nations as long as they paid in cash immediately and carried them in their own ships. This revision was made mainly to aid Britain. Neutrality Act 1939

  27. American Preparation and Aid President was authorized to lend or lease materials to those nations helpful to the Allied cause. Lend-lease Act March 1941 http://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=true&doc=71 Committed Roosevelt and Churchill to a postwar world of democracy, nonaggression, free trade, economic advancement, and freedom of the seas. Atlantic Charter created to set priorities and production goals and control the distribution of raw materials and supplies. War Production Board

  28. Building an Army First peace time draft in US history Selective Service Act 1940 http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/franklin-roosevelt-approves-military-draft Tuskegee Airmen The 99th Pursuit Squadron – fighter pilots who protected bombers

  29. Women in the War Established in May 1942, this was the first time women were allowed in the military. http://www.nww2m.com/2012/05/waac-created/ WASP Women Airforce Service Pilots WAVES http://waspmuseum.org/ "Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Service" http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/prs-tpic/females/wave-ww2.htm

  30. Victory in Europe Operation Torch Nov. 8, 1942 The American invasion of North Africa (Operation Torch) began under the command of General Dwight D. Eisenhower with General Patton in charge of the forces on the ground. On May 13, 1943, German forces in North Africa surrendered Early in 1943, the Nazi’s were driven out of Russia, then the RAF bombed Berlin. Russian Counter Offensive Battle of Stalingrad – turning point of the war

  31. Victory in Europe Anglo-American invasion of France Operation Overlord aka D-Day June 6, 1944 – largest amphibious assault of all time http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=31nt2fsMORU December 16, 1944 – January 31, 1945 Battle of the Bulge – Hitler’s last ditch effort to win the war

  32. Victory in Europe April 30, 1945 – Death of Hitler (suicide) http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/death_of_adolf_hitler1.htm May 2, 1945 – Russians capture Berlin May 7, 1945 V-E Day Victory in Europe Germany surrenders http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OFFEKPIB0J8

  33. Daily Agenda 1. Japan faces defeat 2. End of war

  34. Japan faces Defeat June 1942 The US island-hopping campaign began in the central Pacific in the fall of 1943 The Battle of Midway – turning point of the war. This battle stopped the Japanese attack in the Pacific Battle for Iwo Jima Feb./March 1945 Battle of Guadacanal – Aug. 1942-Feb. 1943 first major offensive by the US May-Aug. 1945 – aerial onslaught on Japan. Greatest air offensive in history

  35. Japan faces Defeat The American program to build an atomic bomb. It was headed by General Leslie Groves. On July 16, 1945, the first atomic bomb was detonated near Alamogordo, New Mexico President Truman felt it was his duty to use every weapon available to save American lives. The Allies threatened Japan with “utter destruction” but received no reply.

  36. Japan faces Defeat Aug 6, 1945 – Bombing of Hiroshima At 8:15 am 20,000 tons of TNT force hit, instantly pulverizing a 2 mile radius 5 stages of atomic bomb Flash of light Intense heat Bone rattling blast Tornado force wind Shocking mushroom cloud http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-22tna7KHzI http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NF4LQaWJRDg

  37. Japan faces Defeat Aug. 9, 1945 – Bombing of Nagasaki Because Japan refused to surrender a second bomb was dropped August 10, 1945 Japan offered surrender with the condition that Hirohito would remain emperor Aug. 15, 1945 V-J Day September 2, 1945 – formal surrender took place on the U.S.S. Missouri http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vcnH_kF1zXc

  38. Building a New World In 1944 delegates from 39 countries met to discuss a new international political organization United Nations In August 1945, the International Military Tribunal (IMT) was created by the US, Britain, France, and the Soviet Union to punish German and Japanese leaders for their war crimes. Nuremburg Trials – Trials for the German leaders suspected of committing war crimes http://www.ushmm.org/museum/exhibit/focus/warcrimetrials/

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