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Arab Climate Resilience Initiative Cairo: 20-21 September, 2010

Arab Climate Resilience Initiative Cairo: 20-21 September, 2010. Abdellatif Khattabi Email: a_khattabi@email.com. Vulnerability of Moroccan coastal zones to sea level rise and shoreline erosion. Coast of Morocco. Atlantic Ocean. Typologie des côtes marocaines .

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Arab Climate Resilience Initiative Cairo: 20-21 September, 2010

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  1. Arab Climate Resilience InitiativeCairo: 20-21 September, 2010 Abdellatif Khattabi Email: a_khattabi@email.com Vulnerability of Moroccan coastal zones to sea level rise and shoreline erosion

  2. Coast of Morocco Atlantic Ocean Typologie des côtes marocaines

  3. Major forces of change in Moroccan coastal zones • demography/urbanization • tourism • agriculture • fishing • industry • Transport • Climate change Low microbiologic and physico-chemical qualities of water nearby some urban settlements (pollution by liquid effluents and solid waste); coastal erosion (natural phenomena and human intervention –sand mining, urbanization); pollution and salinisation of aquifers (sea water intrusion, intensive agriculture) loss of coastal ecosystems.

  4. Comparison of COED and Cost of protection

  5. Impacts of Changing Climates on Coasts The potential threats (IPCC 4rth report) • More frequent storms • sea level rise • a change in landscapes • shifts in biological diversity Potential damages to: • infrastructure • Economic activities (tourism, fisheries) • cultural assets • Morocco by 2020 (SNC, 2001) • Average temperature increase • Diminishing precipitations • Diminishing water resources • Sea level increase • Increasing Storms frequency • Varying waves regime

  6. Vulnerability assessment

  7. High vulnerability Medium vulnerability Lowvulnerability Vulnerability of Moroccan CZ Dégradation du littoral de Tanger Plage de TAMARES 2 en 2003 (M’hammedi, 2005)

  8. Enabling stakeholders in Moroccan coastal management to develop sustainable climate change adaptation policies and plans (2007-2010) www.accma-maroc.com • Beni Ensar • Iheddadene • Nador • Bouareg • Kariate Arekmane Objectives: The global objective is to develop capacity for, and contribute to, policy and decision-making for strategic coastal land use planning and management, to the purpose of reducing the vulnerability of coastal communities to the impacts of sea level rise, coastal flooding, and related extreme weather events.

  9. Sediment transport the non-cohesive Sediment Transport (ST-MIKE21) module has been applied. The values of annual mean potential sediment transport have been computed in different sections, extrapolated in m3/year . Sections equidistant (1500 m), parallel one to each other, The sediment discharges calculated represent the total annual potential transport generated by the contribution, for each grid, of the L and R waves, opportunely weighed on its annual frequency of occurrence.

  10. Coastline evolution Erosion Accretion MediterraneanSea Passe de Boukâna • EPR : - 0,44 m/an • LRR : - 0,43 m/an Lagoon of Nador

  11. Socioeconomic Vulnerability

  12. Project outputs IPCC scenarios downscaling Vulnerability maps of various sectors (socioeconomic and natural systems) Good adaptation practices Manual on education and raising awareness on CC adaptation Gender and CC, adaptation options Small scale fisheries and adaptation to climate change Recommendations on how to integrate CC considerations into planning and legislation ICZM Plan of Action taking into account the CC vulnerability ad adaptation options

  13. Drivers: Urbanisation Agriculture Demography C-Change Response: Institutional measures; Research; Integrated management Education & awareness raising (C-change); Land Planning and management to meet new challenges (C-change) Monitoring Laws and regulation enforcement, Impact: Loss of biodiversity Loss of soil fertility; Loss of health; Loss of ecosystem services Loss of aesthetic values Loss of economic opportunities Pressures: Construction Pollution Overharvesting Development on shoreline Immersion; water intrusion Pollution control; Restoration of ecosystems; Erosion control Conservation measures Hard measures of protection Soft measures of protection State: Erosion Salinisation Pollution Loss of natural areas DPSIR Analysis

  14. Conclusions • In coastal areas, damage has occurred and will continue (CC potential effects); • There is a need: • to integrate between sectors, stakeholders, etc. as climate change crosses all sectors; • for medium and long terms planning • for a strategy of adaptation; • to communicate and interact; • for an effective jurisdiction and institutional framework for coastal areas; • for research and data acquisition and monitoring. • What is being implemented • Charte of environment and SD under progress • Law on protected areas • Project of Law on coastal zones • adaptation actions (CBA) (fisheries, agriculture, building adaptive capacity of women) • the ICZM plan of action with the WB financial support

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