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Recap

Recap. Name the Four Formal Methods of Amending the Constitution. 2/3 vote by Congress and ratified by ¾ of the states. Proposed in Congress and then ratified by a convention (called for that purpose)

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Recap

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  1. Recap Name the Four Formal Methods of Amending the Constitution. • 2/3 vote by Congress and ratified by ¾ of the states. • Proposed in Congress and then ratified by a convention (called for that purpose) • Proposed by a national convention (called by 2/3 of the state legislatures) and then ratified ¾ of the state legislatures. • Proposed by a national convention and then ratified by ¾ of state legislatures.

  2. Chapter 3, Section 3 Informally Amending the Constitution Not changing the Constitution’s actual words; these changes have come from five sources.

  3. Basic Legislation • Congress has changed the Constitution through laws it has passed. • It has passed laws to fill in details about the specific ways the government works. • It has passed laws that explain certain parts of the Constitution.

  4. Executive Action • Presidents make informal changes to the Constitution when they interpret the powers given to them, make decisions and take action.

  5. Foreign Affairs • An executive agreement is a pact made by the President directly with the head of a foreign state. An executive agreement is just as legally binding as a treaty, but does not need Senate approval. • (Treaties are outlined in Article II section 2 of the constitution)

  6. Political Parties • The Constitution makes no mention of Political parties. (Actually GW warned us against them) • Political Parties play a significant role in how Congress and the President makes decisions.

  7. Court Decisions • The courts, especially the Supreme Court, change the meaning of the Constitution based on their decisions. • Example: separation of church and state

  8. Custom • Unwritten tradition guides many aspects of our government. • Ex. President’s Cabinet: the Constitution does not provide for a cabinet, but since GW, every President has appointed one.

  9. …Custom • Ex: Senatorial Courtesy- The senate will only approve of a Presidential nomination if the senators from the state affected fully agree on that nomination.

  10. …Custom • Ex-Presidential Term Limits: Until 1951, it was the custom to follow the 2 term limit set by GW (FDR broke that tradition and an amendment was added after he died)

  11. Assignment- Taking a Step Back… • In groups, analyze the documents provided and determine the significance of John Locke’s, Second Treatise of Government, Section 255, 1690 and 3 other primary source documents, on the Declaration of Independence. • Fill in the chart provided. Each student will receive a chart, to be filled in, and keep. • I will come around and give a grade to each group.

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