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Gender Differences in Drug Treatment Data in the U.S.

Gender Differences in Drug Treatment Data in the U.S. M. Fe Caces, Ph.D. Office of National Drug Control Policy Executive Office of the President September 2004. Females account for two out of five current users of illicit drugs in the U.S. Females. Males. Total Current Users: 19.5 million.

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Gender Differences in Drug Treatment Data in the U.S.

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  1. Gender Differences in Drug Treatment Data in the U.S. M. Fe Caces, Ph.D.Office of National Drug Control PolicyExecutive Office of the PresidentSeptember 2004

  2. Females account for two out of five current users of illicit drugs in the U.S. Females Males Total Current Users: 19.5 million Source: SAMHSA, 2003National Survey on Drug Use and Health (September 2004). 9/2004

  3. Percent Using Any Illicit Drug in the Past Month Males consistently have higher rates of illicit drug use. Source: SAMHSA, 2003National Survey on Drug Use and Health (September 2004). 9/2004

  4. Percent Using Any Illicit Drug in the Past Month Among youth, there is variation in the gender pattern of illicit drug use by race/ethnicity. Source: SAMHSA, 2003National Survey on Drug Use and Health (September 2004). 9/2004

  5. Percent Using Any Illicit Drug in the Past Month Among youth, females exceed males in rates of nonmedical use of any prescription-type psychotherapeutic drug. Source: SAMHSA, 2003National Survey on Drug Use and Health (September 2004). 9/2004

  6. Percentage testing positive for methamphetamine • Methamphetamine Use of Males and Females in the Arrested Population, Selected Cities, 2003 Source: SAMHSA, 2003National Survey on Drug Use and Health (September 2004). 7/2004

  7. Percent with drug dependence or abuse in the past year Rates of drug dependence or abuse also are lower for females compared to males. Source: SAMHSA, 2003National Survey on Drug Use and Health (September 2004). 9/2004

  8. Substance Abuse A definite diagnosis of abuse is made when any one of A and both B and C are “Yes.” A. Has the client experienced the following? No Yes 1. Recurrent failure to meet important responsibilities due to use? 2. Recurrent use in situations when this is likely to be physically dangerous? 3. Recurrent legal problems arising from use 4. Continued use despite recurrent problems aggravated by the substance use B. These symptoms have occurred within a 12-month period C. Client had never met the criteria for dependence DSM-IV checklist for substance abuse 8/2002

  9. Substance Dependence A definite diagnosis of dependence is made when any three of A and both B are “Yes.” A. Has the client experienced the following? No Yes 1. Tolerance (needing more to become intoxicated or discovering less effect with the same amount) 2. Withdrawal* (characteristic withdrawal associated with type of drug) 3. Using more or for longer periods than intended 4. Desire to or unsuccessful efforts to cut down 5. Considerable time spent in obtaining the substance or using, or recovering from its effects 6. Important social, work, or recreational activities given up because of use 7. Continued use despite knowledge of problems caused by or aggravated by use B. Have these positive items been present during the same 12 month period? Are three or more of the above positive? *A clear cut withdrawal syndrome is not present with some classes of drugs: caffeine, marijuana, phencyclidine, or hallucinogens. DSM-IV checklist for substance dependence 8/2002

  10. Percentage who received drug treatment among those who needed treatment Rates of specialty drug treatment are lower for females. Source: SAMHSA, 2003National Survey on Drug Use and Health (September 2004). 9/2004

  11. Females account for 38% those with dependence or abuse of any illicit drug. Females Males Total Drug Dependents/Abusers: 6.8 million Source: SAMHSA, 2003National Survey on Drug Use and Health (September 2004). 9/2004

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