8 Sexually Transmitted Infections

1. 8 Sexually Transmitted Infections By Dan Robbins Block G

2. Contents Chlamydia Syphilis HPV Herpes Pubic Lice Gonorrhea NGU PID

3. Chlamydia One of the most common STI’s in the US Caused by the bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis. Tested by taking a sample or urethral (male) or cervical (female) discharge and testing it in various ways. Treated with antibiotics. If untreated, Chlamydia can lead to Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) and infertility.

4. Chlamydia Discharge from the penis. • Symptoms in males: • Burning/painful urination. • Urethral discharge. • Testicular tenderness/pain. • Males will usually have all symptoms. • Symptoms in females: • Burning/painful urination. • Painful intercourse. • Vaginal discharge. • Almost all women have no symptoms at all.

5. Syphilis Caused by the spirochete bacteria. If a female has an outbreak during birth, she can pass it to the child. Mainly affects sexually active adults ages 20-29. Diagnosed through a blood test. Treated with antibiotics, usually penicillin.

6. Syphilis Stage 2 Rash A chancre in the mouth. • Primary syphilis symptoms: • Formation of painless open sores (called chancres) at infection site. • Secondary syphilis symptoms: • Skin rash across back, hands, and feet. • Does not itch. • Fever, fatigue, rash, aches, pains, loss of appetite. • After the symptoms of secondary symptoms subside, the bacteria go deeper into the body and prepare for tertiary syphilis. Here the infected person may appear to be better. • Tertiary syphilis symptoms: • Attacks body organs as well as bones and skin. • Causes various organ failures as well as blindness, paralysis, insanity, and eventually death.

7. Human Papillomavirus(HPV) • Almost all strains of HPV have no symptoms at all, but some cause warts on and around the genital area in both males and females. • Warts cause no pain. • There is no cure for HPV, but the warts can be removed by laser, freezing, or surgical removal. • Females with HPV are at higher risk for cervical cancer. • Most strains of HPV do not cause cancer. • 30-40 types are sexually transmitted. • Over 100 types exist. A cluster of genital warts.

8. Herpes A herpes sore on the lip. Causes blisters that burst and leave painful open sores in both sexes. Causes cold sores in males and females. Can be transmitted even if no symptoms are visible. Herpes symptoms aren’t always visible, but outbreaks can be caused by stress or sickness. Herpes can be easily treated with antibiotics.

9. Pubic Lice A louse. Tiny 6-legged creatures that live and lay eggs in male and female pubic hair. Can also be found in underarm hair and eyebrows. Lice dig into skin and feed on blood, causing much itching. Transmitted not only through sexual activity, but also by coming in contact with infected surfaces such as bed sheets. Diagnosed by examining pubic area and looking for eggs Treated by thoroughly washing area with prescription wash.

10. Gonorrhea Discharge. • Caused by the Neisseria gonorrhea bacteria. • Can be transmitted through any type of sex (oral, anal, vaginal) • Symptoms in both sexes include • Burning & increased urination • Discharge • Sore throat • Can lead to PID & infertility in women. • Diagnosed by examining a sample of discharge. • Treated by a single injection or pill.

11. Non-Gonococcal Urethritis(NGU) Reddened urethra. • Most commonly caused by untreated chlamydia. • Symptoms in both sexes include: • Burning urination • Discharge • Redness of urethra • Can turn into PID in women if untreated • Detected by examine a sample of discharge. • Treated with different antibiotics depending on the strain of NGU

12. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease(PID) • Caused by other STDs and only affects women. • Causes inflammation of the uterus, ovaries, and fallopian tubes. • Can scar the uterus and fallopian tubes which can lead to: • Infertility • Chronic pelvic pain • Ectopic pregnancy • Can be treated with antibiotics if caught early enough.