Physical Science Final Review

1. Physical Science Final Review ~ December 2010~

2. Study in Chunks The Best Way toRemember is to… Take breaks Make it fun! 

3. Areas of Focus… • Lab Safety • Introduction to Science • Candy Lab (Rates of change) • Heat and Energy • Temperature Scales • Metal Tea Bag Lab (Specific Heat) • KE and PE • Electricity and Magnetism • Nuclear Science • STAR Test Practice

4. How To Study For Finals • Make flash cards • Write out your notes • Type your notes • Read your notes out loud • Practice! Practice! Practice! • Have a study snack every hour

5. ~ Lab Safety~ 6 Questions… Electrical Safety Fire Safety Chemical Safety

6. 1. What should you do before using any electrical appliance? (2 things) Check the cord for damage Make sure it is dry

7. 2. To put out a fire on a person or in a person’s clothing, use: Jacket or fire blanket

8. 3. What do you use to put out a fire in a classroom? ABC Fire extinguisher

9. 4. What does the ABC fire extinguisher put out? A: Wood + paper B: Flammable Liquids C: Electrical

10. 5. What is allowed to be poured down the sink in the classroom? Non-toxic liquids only

11. 6. What is the chemical disposal policy in science classes? Toxic chemicals go in the waste container

12. ~ Introduction to Science~ 16 Questions… Precision (how good is a device) Scientific Method ( a way of thinking) SI units (used by scientists world wide)

13. 7. What is the precision of a 30cm ruler? +/- 1.0 millimeter (mm)

14. 8. What is the precision of the meter stick? +/- 1.0 millimeter (mm)

15. 9. What is the precision of the 25 mL glass graduated cylinder? +/- .5 milliliers (mL)

16. 10. About how many inches are there in a meter stick? About 39 inches in one meter

17. 11. What is the precision of a triple beam balance? +/- .1 grams (g)

18. 12. What is the precision of the fancy dial-a-gram balance used in Chemistry room E6? +/- .01 grams

19. 13. In general, what is the relationship between precision and the cost of a balance? The greater the precision, the more it costs.

20. 14. What is the organized way scientists think about problems called? The scientific method

21. 15. What part of a lab report is where you make an educated guess? Hypothesis

22. 16. What do you call the chart that contains your lab data? Data Table

23. 17. In which part of a lab report do you write what you did? Conclusion

24. 18. What is the SI unit for time? seconds

25. 19. What is the SI unit for length? meters

26. 20. What is the SI unit for volume? Cubic meters (m3)

27. 21. What is the SI unit for temperature? Kelvin (K)

28. 22. What mass is measured with the balances in our classroom? grams

29. 23. What is the volume of 1 cubic centimeter in mL? 1 milliliter = 1 cubic centimeter 1 mL = 1 cm3

30. 24. What is the dissolving rate of a piece of candy that decreases from 25 g to 0 g in 5 minutes? (Hint: divide the grams by the minutes 25 grams / 5 min = 5 grams/min

31. 25. What slope represents a fast dissolving candy? A fast rate is a steep slope

32. 26. What slope represents a slow dissolving candy? A slow rate is a flat slope

33. 27. A box has the dimensions 2.0 cm x 3.0 cm x 4.0 cm and the mass is 48 g, what is its density? (Hint : D = mass/volume) V = 2.0 cm x 3.0 cm x 4.0cm = 24 cm3 D = 48g/ 24 cm3 = 2 g/cm3

34. 28. Cold water is denser than warm water. Where is the cold water in most oceans on Earth? Cold water is on the bottom

35. 29. Warm water and cold water do not mix in the ocean because they have different densities. If warm water is less dense than the cold water, where do you think the warmest water in the ocean will be found? Warmest water will be on top

36. 30. The law of _________ - __ - ______ states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, just changed from 1 form to another. Conservation of energy

37. 31. As KE of the molecules goes up what happens to the temperature? As KE goes up, temperature goes up

38. 32. When things cool down what happens to volume? When things cool down, their volume goes down.

39. 33. When things warm up what happens to their density? When things warm up, their density goes down. Reason: the atoms move apart.

40. 34. What happens to the pressure inside an unopened can of beans if you throw it in a campfire? Temperature goes up, pressure goes up… Kaboom!

41. 35. Compare temperature to the motion of atoms. The higher the temperature, the faster the atoms are moving.

42. 36. On the Celsius scale, pure water freezes at ___________ and water boils at ___________ . Water freezes at 0o C Water boils at 100o C

43. 37. On the Fahrenheit scale, pure water freezes at ___________ and water boils at ___________ . Water freezes at +32o F Water boils at +212o F

44. 38. On the Kelvin scale, pure water freezes at ___________ and water boils at ___________ . • Water freezes at +273 K • Water boils at +373 K

45. 39. What happens at absolute zero on the Kelvin scale? At absolute zero, atoms stop moving.

46. 40. Room temperature is _____ Celsius and ____ Fahrenheit. Room temperature is 22o C and 72o F

47. 41. Body temperature 98.6°F is _______ °C. Hint: C = (F-32) x 5/9 C = (98.6 – 32) x .56 C = 66.6 x .56 = 37 o C

48. 42. As the kinetic energy of the molecules in a substance increases, the… As KE goes up, temperature goes up.

49. 43. Energy from the sun travels through space and reaches Earth by…. Radiation: energy moving in waves

50. 44. Hot convection currents rise in air because: Gravity pulls cold air down Cold air pushes hot air up