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Kingdom Fungi

Kingdom Fungi. Fungi Basics. Heterotrophs Cannot perform photosynthesis Release enzymes to absorb nutrients Cell composition similar to animals Reproduction: Sexual & Asexual Classified by the type of spore produced. Comparing Plants & Fungi . Plants and fungi have different traits:

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Kingdom Fungi

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  1. Kingdom Fungi

  2. Fungi Basics • Heterotrophs • Cannot perform photosynthesis • Release enzymes to absorb nutrients • Cell composition similar to animals • Reproduction: Sexual & Asexual • Classified by the type of spore produced

  3. Comparing Plants & Fungi • Plantsand fungi have different traits: • Fungal cell walls are made of chitin. • Plant cell walls are made of cellulose. • Fungi absorb food through hyphae. • Plants have chloroplasts and photosynthesize. • Plantsand fungi have similar traits: • Both are nonmoving • Grow underground and aboveground • May produce spores • Eukaryotes

  4. Fungi Structure • What grows underground? • Hyphae: thin strands of cells that make up the fungus body • Hyphae branch into a larger mass (mycelium) • What grows above ground? • Fruiting body: reproductive structure creates spores

  5. Bread molds Get name due to ability to create zygospore Protective spore surrounding the zygote Spores produced inside sporangia (sporangium) Spores released into air Bread Mold Fungi

  6. Club Fungi • Mushrooms, puffballs, shelf fungi • Fruiting body looks like club • Spores produced in structures called basidia (basidium) • Spores released into air . . . . Grassy ground

  7. Sac Fungi • Yeast • Single celled • Reproduce asexually through budding • Morels, truffles • Fruiting body resembles a sac • Spores produced in structures called Asci (ascus) • Spores released into air

  8. Reproductive Structuresof Fungi (that you need to know)

  9. Mushroom Reproduction Gills

  10. Spores will land Fungus #1 mycelium grows underground….Fungus #2 mycelium grows underground Two fungi grow together and fuse…new mycelium created . Fruiting body sprouts . New spores released from the fruiting body . . . . . ground

  11. Lichens • Fungus + algae or cyanobacteria • Mycelium of fungi surrounds the green organism • Grow on rocks, soil, trees • Mutualistic relationship • Algae/bacteria: obtains home to grow within; gets water • Fungus: obtains nutrients

  12. Kingdom Fungi • Zygote fungi • Make zygospore • Spores housed inside sporangia • Club fungi • Fruiting body looks like club • Spores housed inside basidia • Sac fungi • Fruiting body looks like a sack • Spores housed inside asci • Lichen • ½ fungus • ½ algae or cyanobacteria • Pioneer species

  13. REview Name the three major types of fungi. Which characteristic is used to classify the various types of fungi? Which fungi produce asci? Which fungi produce basidia? Which fungi produce zygospores? What is the above ground structure of a fungus called? What objects are released from the fruiting body? Label the diagram.

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