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A Brief History of Gifted Education. Characteristics of the Gifted North GA RESA/Cherokee County Fall 2006. Concept of Intelligence. Nature vs. Nurture: Galton (1859) and the g factor Alfred Binet (1905) Lewis Terman (1916) “Terman kids” and the Genetic Studies of Genius (IQ 140+)
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A Brief History of Gifted Education Characteristics of the Gifted North GA RESA/Cherokee County Fall 2006
Concept of Intelligence • Nature vs. Nurture: Galton (1859) and the g factor • Alfred Binet (1905) • Lewis Terman (1916) “Terman kids” and the Genetic Studies of Genius (IQ 140+) • Robert Sperry (1968) • Pribram (1971) The Language of the Brain
Howard Gardner (1985) Project Zero at Harvard and the Theory of Multiple Intelligence
The report highlighted: 2.5 million students in schools are gifted 57.7% of schools received NO services Gifted students were NOT served in 21 states “most neglected and potentially productive groups of students” Sputnik “effect” on gifted education and the Marlin Report
Definition of Gifted “Children and youth with outstanding talent perform or how the potential for performing at remarkable high levels of accomplishment when compared with others of their age, experience, or environment. These children and youth exhibit high performance capability in intellectual, creative, and/or artistic areas, posess an unusual leadership capacity, or excel in specific academic fields. They require services or activities not ordinarily provided by the schools. Outstanding talents are present in children and youth from all cultural groups, across all economic strata, and in all areas of human endeavor. “ US Department of Education/OERI (p. 26)
Jacob K. Javits Grants • Training component for pre-service/inservice teachers • Model projects and exemplary programs in ID and education • National Research Centers for G/T UCONN -- Renzulli UGA -- Torrance UVA -- Callahan YALE -- Sternberg
Due to Marlin report and $$$ from the US Department of Educaiton • Julian Stanley began the Center of Talented Youth (CTY) at Johns Hopkins • Renzulli develops the Enrichment Triad Model • By 1977, 75% of states had a def. of gifted; 66% increase in students served; 31% of states increased funding; 42 sponsor teacher training and endorsements;38 states enact legislation
What about Georgia? • Georgia lead others by passing legislation early to increase “educational advantaged for gifted students in the public schools of Georgia” (p.1) • UGA’s Torrance Center for Creative Thinking • Dr. Julian Stanley (SMPY) was from GA • Dr. Mary Frasier’s studies in the 1990’s on finding better ways to identify gifted students in underrepresented populations • Multiple criteria model developed in ID of gifted children (1997) GA Department of Education/Gifted Task Force 2006
Current Gifted Education • President Regan disbanded G/T office at the US Dept of Ed • Cox, Daniel and Boston publish survey results in Educating Able Learners (90% are pull out programs, called “part time solution to a full time problem” • Carol Ann Tomlinson and the Differentiated Classroom • Currently, 26 states mandate services; 23 support with $$$; 14 require certification