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Wood Construction

Wood Construction. CTC-375. Wood. Lumber Any wood cut into a size and shape used as a building material Timber – lumber with smallest dimension >5” Board - <2” thick, at least 2” wide Dimension - >2” thick, <5” thick, 2+” wide Beam & stringer - >5” thick, 8”+ wide

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Wood Construction

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  1. Wood Construction CTC-375

  2. Wood • Lumber • Any wood cut into a size and shape used as a building material • Timber – lumber with smallest dimension >5” • Board - <2” thick, at least 2” wide • Dimension - >2” thick, <5” thick, 2+” wide • Beam & stringer - >5” thick, 8”+ wide • Post & Beam – lumber approximately square • 5+” thick and wide

  3. Rough sawn lumber • Sawn on all four sides to a nominal thickness and width • Dressed lumber • Sanded on 1 -4 sides • Called by nominal size • Sanding takes ¼” off per side • Available in sizes from 8 – 16 feet • Studs also available at 92” – gives 8’ ceiling height

  4. Types of wood construction • Post & Beam • Wooden frame provides structural support • No interior bearing walls • Posts must be attached to foundation • Balloon Framing F 13-4 • Exterior walls are continuous from foundation to roof • Floors are attached to the walls • Revived in 1980’s as solar power gained popularity • Need to place fire breaks in the walls

  5. Platform Framing F 13-3 • Walls rest on floors • Floor is built to edge of foundation then sheathed • Wall is built on top of floor • Walls have single bottom plate and double top plate for strength • Fire blocks at every floor

  6. Panels or module construction • Structural Insulated Panels (SIP) • Can be walls or roof systems • Conventional floor system but walls are constructed off site in 4x8 panels and hauled to site • Allows for windows, doors to be installed at same time as walls • Must have a flat surface

  7. Construction • Hurricane clips for roof • Anchor bolts and tie downs for foundation-frame connections • Blocking • Where do you place blocking? • Joist Bridging • Makes floor into a system

  8. Floor Systems • Conventional 2x construction • Box beam surrounds joists • Girders are built up from 2x stock • Joists are 2x stock 16” o.c. • ¾” sheathing is glued and screwed onto joists • Can use 5/8” sheathing but total floor must = 1.25” • Engineered Lumber • I-joists – 2x3 top & bottoms with OSB web • Long and strong • Can span 40 – 60 feet – eliminates interior bearing walls

  9. Floor Trusses • Usually used in commercial buildings • Provide long spans • Holes in Joists • Holes only in center of joist (neutral axis) and only within 1/3 of span of end • Diameter not more than 1/3 of height or be closer than 2” from an edge

  10. Roof Trusses • Components • F 13-12 • Truss types F 13-13 • Erection F 13-14 • Bracing F 13-15

  11. Timber Construction • F 13-24 • Post and beam on a larger scale • Connections F 13-25

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