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AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT EFFORTS IN KARACHI

AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT EFFORTS IN KARACHI. MALIK ZAHEER-UL-ISLAM. NATIONAL WORKSHOP ON THE IMPROVEMENT OF URBAN AIR QUALITY OF PAKISTAN. (December 13 - 15, 2004) Lahore, Pakistan. KARACHI MASS TRANSIT. 1947. 1957. 1987. 2004. CITY PROFILE. AREA (DISTRICT) 3,520 Sq.Km

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AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT EFFORTS IN KARACHI

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  1. AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT EFFORTS IN KARACHI MALIK ZAHEER-UL-ISLAM NATIONAL WORKSHOP ON THE IMPROVEMENT OF URBAN AIR QUALITY OF PAKISTAN (December 13 - 15, 2004) Lahore, Pakistan

  2. KARACHI MASS TRANSIT

  3. 1947 1957 1987 2004 CITY PROFILE AREA (DISTRICT) 3,520 Sq.Km URBAN AREA 1,800 Sq.Km POPULATION (ESTIMATED) 14 Million POPULATION GROWTH RATE 4% Growth Trend KARACHI MASS TRANSIT CELL

  4. CITY PROFILE- Contd • KATCHI ABADIES 550 (55% OF POPULATION) • ROAD NETWORK 7400 KM • REGISTERED VEHICLES 1.3 MILLION • COMPOSITION • PRIVATE CARS 45 % • MOTOR CYCLES 38 % • MCRS 3 % • TAXIS 3.2% • BUS / MINI-BUSES 1.6% • TRUCKS 1.6% • OTHERS (D-VANS, PICKUPS ETC.) 7.6% • AVERAGE VEHICLE INCREASE / DAY 203

  5. CITY PROFILE- Contd • ANNUAL VEHICLE GROWTH 13% • SOLID WASTE GENERATION 8000 TONS/DAY • INDUSTRIAL AREAS AREA (ACRES) NO. OF PLOTS • SITE (1947) 4460 1956 • KORANGI (1961) 3500 2700 • NORTH KARACHI (1983) 1029 280 • TYPE OF INDUSTRIES : ENGINEERING, TEXTILES, CONSUMER GOODS, AUTO PARTS, LEATHER PRODUCTS,PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS,BASIC CHEMICALS, PAINTS, LPG PLANTS ETC.

  6. AIR POLLUTION LEVEL BASED ON VARIOUS SURVEYS / STUDIES AIR POLLUTION LEVELS IN THE CITY HAVE EITHER CROSSED SAFE LIMITS OR HAVE REACHED THE THRESHOLD VALUES.

  7. ADMINISTRATIVE SET-UP • AUTHORITY: CITY DISTRICT GOVERNMENT KARACHI • TOWNS 18 • UNION COUNCILS 178 • CANTONMENT BOARDS 6

  8. CITY AT A GLANCE

  9. MAJOR ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES • URBAN CHAOS • CONGESTION, LACK OF INFRASTRUCTURE, LACK OF PLANNING AND COORDINATION • DEGRADED ROAD ENVIRONMENT • POOR CONDITION OF VEHICLES PLYING • POOR CONDITION OF ROADS • BAD ROAD USER BEHAVIOUR • INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION • NEGATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS • POLLUTION FROM POWER PLANTS / GENERATORS • OPERATION OF POWER PLANTS / GENERATORS WITH FURNACE OIL / DIESEL • SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT • IMPROPER DISPOSAL OF INDUSTRIAL / DOMESTIC / HOSPITAL AFFLUENT AND WASTE

  10. TRANSPORT SITUATION

  11. Karachi: 40 persons competing for one bus seat • Mumbai: 12 persons competing for one bus seat • Hong Kong: 8 persons competing for one bus seat KARACHI MASS TRANSIT CELL

  12. Karachi Travel Demand (Mechanised Trips-2004) • Trip Generation /day Over 13.6 million • Public Transport (B/MB/C/CC) 52% • Private / Para-transit 48%

  13. FUEL CONSUMPTION & IMPACT ON ENVIRONMENT • FUEL CONSUMED (2001- 02) • GASOLINE 729 Tons/ day • DIESEL 1780 Tons/ day • AIR POLLUTION DUE TO DIESEL DRIVEN VEHICLES (CONSERVATIVE ESTIMATES) Tons/ day • CO2 4770.40 • HYDROCARBONS 4.63 • SULPHUR DIOXIDE 33.82 • NITROGEN OXIDES 19.58 • CARBON MONOXIDE 77.43 • PARTICULATE MATTER 4.27

  14. Assessment of Air Quality in Karachi- 2002 by SUPARCO • Concentration of TSP & PM 10 in ug/m3 at different sites of Karachi and around cement plants

  15. Assessment of Air Quality in Karachi- 2002 by SUPARCO (Contd.) USEPA PERMISSIBLE LIMIT (24h) FOR TSP IS 260 µg/m3 USEPA PERMISSIBLE LIMIT (24h) FOR PM 10 IS 150 µg/m3

  16. IMPROVEMENT PROGRAMMES • UPDATING OF KARACHI MASTER PLAN • REVAMPING OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEM • INDUCTION OF EURO-II AND CNG ENVIRONMENTAL FRIENDLY BUSES • CONVERSION OF AUTO RICKSHAWS TO CNG • LOW COST TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT SCHEMES: • BUS LANES, BUS STOPS, INTERSECTIONS IMPROVEMENT, URBAN TRAFFIC CONTROL, SMV FACILITIES - FOOTPATHS ETC. • CREATION OF VEHICULAR FREE ZONE- PEDESTRIAN MALLS IN DOWN TOWN

  17. CAPITAL INTENSIVE TRANSPORT IMPROVEMENT PROGRAMMES: • CONSTRUCTION OF ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS INCLUDING FLYOVERS / UNDER PASSES ETC. - NORTHERN BY PASS - LYARI EXPRESSWAY • MOTOR VEHICLE TESTING AND DRIVERS’ TRAINING PROGRAMMES THROUGH PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP BASES • DEMAND MANAGEMENT • REVITALIZATION OF KCR • IMPLEMENTATION OF RAIL BASED MASS TRANSIT PROJECT ON PRIORITY-I CORRIDOR

  18. REVAMPING OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT(PUBLIC / PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP APPROACH) KPTS Routes in Operation = 10 Buses / Coaches = 230 UTS (CDGK + GOS) Routes in Operation = 10 Existing Bus Fleet = 200 Buses to be inducted = 300 (by Dec 2004) KARACHI MASS TRANSIT CELL

  19. KARACHI CIRCULAR RAILWAY (KCR) (1964 – 2004) KARACHI MASS TRANSIT CELL

  20. KARACHI MASS TRANSIT PROGRAMME KARACHI MASS TRANSIT CELL

  21. COMPONENTS OF PRIORITY ACTION PLAN • Corridor- I • Stage-I • Tower to Sohrab Goth -15.2 k.m • Stage-II • Extension upto New Sabzi Mandi-8 k.m • Corridor-II • Cantt. Station to Orangi Town – 13.4 k.m • KCR • Revitalization and Up-gradation-58 k.m • Total: 86.6 k.m • (Serve 60% + commuters) KARACHI MASS TRANSIT CELL

  22. STUDY IN HAND • THE CDGK IS UNDER TAKING A STUDY ON ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (EIA) OF THE OPERATION OF VEHICULAR TRAFFIC WITH THE FOLLOWING OBJECTIVES: • TO CREATE THE BASELINE DATA TO DETERMINE AND ESTIMATE THE EXTENT OF POLLUTION AND THE DAMAGES DONE TO THE HEALTH AND LIVING ENVIRONMENT • IDENTIFICATION OF REMEDIAL MEASURES AND THE MOST APPROPRIATE COURSE OF ACTION FOR ABATEMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION IN THE TRANSPORT SECTOR

  23. STUDY IN HAND- Contd • BROADER TASKS WILL INCLUDE: • ASSESSMENT OF THE PROBLEM DUE TO DIFFERENT FUELS IN USE • IDENTIFICATION OF THE ROLE OF CULTURAL PRACTICES OPERATING IN THE TRANSPORT SECTOR AND THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OF THE CITY • ESTIMATION OF THE COST OF ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION RESULTING FROM PRESENT DILEMMA IN THE TRANSPORT SECTOR

  24. THANK YOU

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