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Fasciola hepatica sheep liver fluke

Fasciola hepatica sheep liver fluke. liver fluke. Fasciola hepatica. Common name: The sheep liver fluke Habitat: Bile duct of liver. Route of infection: Man eat aquatic plants with encysted metacercariae.

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Fasciola hepatica sheep liver fluke

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  1. Fasciola hepaticasheep liver fluke liver fluke

  2. Fasciola hepatica • Common name: The sheep liver fluke • Habitat: Bile duct of liver. • Route of infection: Man eat aquatic plants with encysted metacercariae. • Definitive host: Usual host sheep, infects liver of various mammals, including humans. • Intermediate host: Fresh water snails. • Infective stage: Encysted metacercariae on vegetations. • Diagnostic stage: Eggs in stool specimen. • Disease: Fascioliasis.

  3. Fasciola hepatica adult Morphological characteristics • 2-3 cm. • Has conical projection • Oral and ventral sucker. • Pharynx. • Branched caecum. • Coiled uterus • Genital formula : O ( ovary) T ( Testis) T ( Testis)

  4. Fasciola hepatica Eggs • Unembyonated. • Thin egg shell. • operculated. • 130-150 X 63-90 um. • Diagnostic stage

  5. egg capsule with emerging miracidium of Fasciolahepatica

  6. Life cycle • The parasite browses on liver tissue for a period of up to 5-6 weeks and eventually finds its way to the bile duct where it matures into an adult and begins to produce eggs. • Up to 25,000 eggs per day per fluke can be produced, and in a light infection, up to 500,000 eggs per day can be deposited onto pasture by a single sheep.

  7. Pathology and clinical symptoms. • Most of the damage results from worms are migrating through the liver parenchyma feeding on liver cells and blood • Worms in the bile ducts cause inflammation and edem • The triad of fever, hepatomegaly, and eosinophilia. • Symptoms and signs are associated with biliary obstruction • Acute epigastric pain, and jaundice are common.

  8. diagnosis Laboratory diagnosis: finding large operculated eggs in the feces.

  9. Intestinal fluke Fasciolopsisbuski

  10. Fasciolopsis buski • Common name: The large intestinal fluke • Habitat: Lumen of small intestine. • Route of infection: Man eat uncooked plants with encysted metacercariae. • Definitive host: Mainly human, other hosts; pigs and dogs. • Intermediate host: Fresh water snails. • Infective stage: Encysted metacercariae on vegetations. • Diagnostic stage: Eggs in stool specimen. • Disease: Fasciolopiasis.

  11. Fasciolopsis buski adult Morphological characteristics • 2-7x 0.5-2 cm. • Oral and ventral sucker. • Esophagus . • Unbranched caecum. • Coiled uterus. • Branched ovary. • Branched Testes. • Genital formula : O ( ovary) T ( Testis) T ( Testis)

  12. This photo is to compare the sizes of Fasciolopsis buski (left) and Fasciola hepatica (right)

  13. Fasciolopsis buski Eggs • Unembyonated. • Thin egg shell. • Inconspicuous. operculum. • 130-150 X 63-90 um

  14. Clinical features • Most infections are light and asymptomatic. In heavier infections, symptoms include diarrhea, abdominal pain, fever, ascites, and intestinal obstruction. Laboratory diagnosis: operculated eggs and some times the adults are found in the feces.

  15. Lung Fluke Paragonimuswestermani

  16. Paragonimuswestermani • Common name: The Lung Fluke. • Habitat: Encapsulated in Lungs. • Definitive host: Human, also other mammals. • First intermediate host: Water snail. • Second intermediate host: Crustaceans,Crabs. • Infective stage: Encysted metacercariae. • Diagnostic stage: Eggs in sputum or feces. • Disease: Paragonimiasis.

  17. morphology • 7 – 12 x 4 – 6 mm. • Oral & Ventral Suckers • Unbranched caecum. • Pharynx. • Coiled Uterus ( black color) • Genital formula: O T T

  18. Paragonimus westermani

  19. Paragonimus westermani Eggs • 80-120 x 50-60 um • Large, thick, dark shell. • Prominent operculum at the broad end. • Thick posterior end. • Unembryonated.

  20. Life Stages Egg  Miracidio RediaI Redia II Cercarias Metacercarias

  21. Paragonimus westwermani

  22. Pathology: Adults in lungs stimulate inflammatory response resulting in granulomas. Movement of worms to heart or brain causes death. • Symptoms: • Chronic cough , difficulties breathing , sputum with blood. • When moves to brain, can cause blindness, paralysis , disequilibrium , epilepsy.

  23. DIAGNOSIS • based on detection of characteristic eggs in sputum, or stool, • serology helpful; standard test is complement fixation (CF) – has advantage to detect rapid decline in antibody levels

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