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The English Reformation

The English Reformation. Henry VIII to Elizabeth the Great, and the formation of the Anglican Church. Prince Arthur of Wales (1486-1502). Wife: Catherine of Aragon Catholic Union of Spain and England Catherine married to next son, Henry Political implications, HUGE dowry.

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The English Reformation

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  1. The English Reformation Henry VIII to Elizabeth the Great, and the formation of the Anglican Church

  2. Prince Arthur of Wales (1486-1502) • Wife: Catherine of Aragon • Catholic Union of Spain and England • Catherine married to next son, Henry • Political implications, HUGE dowry

  3. King Henry VIII (r. 1509-1547) • “Defender of the Faith” • King Henry VIII & Catherine • Daughter: Mary • 1529 – Annulment request

  4. European Politics Intervene • 1529 – Rome sacked by Charles V • Pope Clement VII: prisoner of Emperor Charles V • Catherine of Aragon: Charles V’s aunt • The Princess Mary: Charles V’s cousin • Annulment unacceptable

  5. King Henry VIII’s Wives • 1530’s – King Henry VIII declares himself head of the church • Opposition beheaded (Thomas Moore) • Queen #2: Anne Boleyn, no male heir • Daughter: Elizabeth • Queen #3: Jane Seymour died in child birth • son: Edward • 3 more wives

  6. The English Reformation • Theologically conservative • Confession, clerical celibacy, transubstantiation • 1535-1539 –Henry: Pope, Protector of Faith in England • The First Act of Supremacy (1534) • 1536  The Pilgrimage of Grace • Ireland remained loyal to Catholicism • England had little control over Ireland • Increased tension/ conflict

  7. Edward & Mary • King Edward VI (r. 1547 – 1553) • Protestantism spread • The Book of Common Prayer (1549) • Queen Mary (1553- 1558) • Devout Catholic • Husband: Phillip II of Spain • Executed several hundred protestants (Bloody Mary) • Several thousand English protestants fled the island

  8. Queen Elizabeth I (r. 1558-1603) • 1558: Catholics vs. Protestants • Returning Exiles: eliminate all Catholicism, Purify the Church Puritans • The Elizabethan Religious Settlement • The 2nd Act of Supremacy (1559) • The Act of Uniformity (1559) • “supreme Governor of the Church of England”

  9. The Anglican Church • Service in English • Monasteries not re-established • Clergy allowed to marry • Remained hierarchical(archbishops/bishops) • Upheld many Catholic traditions

  10. The Spanish Threat • Late 15th Century • Phillip II of Spain • Mary Queen of Scots • Executed due to assassination plot, backed by Phillip II • Pope urged Phillip to retaliate • May 9, 1588: The Spanish Armada

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