Practices of environment protection through energy efficiency implementation -trends-

1. Practices of environment protection through energy efficiency implementation -trends- Presentation by PD Dr. habil. Frank Riesbeck, Humboldt-University at Berlin International Conference „Environmental Protection and Energy Effiiciency -Practices, opportunities, actions, Prishtina, 20.10. – 21.10.2008

2. Content • Causes for needs of change in the fields • Energy production, Use of Energy (efficience), • Water protection and waste management 1. 2. - Examples for Alternative Energy Technologies - Waste as resource for energy production? - Energypassport for buildings 3. Proposals for Pilot Projects in Kosovo Muncipalities

3. Energy Sector in the world

4. Energy Sector in Europe • Ten years ago over 95 % of all Energy was produced by so called • „Normal Energy Sector“ • That means: Production of Energy, especially Electricity and Heating • by Central power stations for a big area which using following ressources: • Brown and Stone Coal • Oil • Natural Gas • Atomic Power • Water

5. Examples Normal Energy Sector - Non Renewable Energy Sector (Without Water as Resource) Ashdeposit near Prishtina Stone Coal Power Station in Poland Water Power Station in France

6. Needs of change in Kosovo Reducing of Airpollution • Airpollution is mainly caused by Energyproduction through • brown coal (lignite), traffic by cars, mining and other • industries, • Problems are identified, Change started or will be started • Filtersystems in chimneys, reconstruction of power station • and construction of a modern power station in Kosovo • Implementation of projects in the field of Alternative • Energy • Implementation of projects in the field of Energy Saving

7. Needs of change in Kosovo Reducing of Waterpollution • Waterpollution in the rivers is mainly caused by industries • and muncipalities through waste water • Problems are identified, Change will start • Canalisation systems and waste water treatment stations • will be in all muncipalities and in the industrial sector • established • More than 300.000 t sewage sludge per year will be existed Sludge as Resource for Production of Alternative Energy ???

8. Needs of change in Kosovo Householdwaste as Resource? • 26 old muncipality landfills were rehabilitated • 5 new regional landfills have been built and 2 muncipality • landfills Household waste generated in different regions of Kosova during 2004

9. Needs of change in Kosovo Householdwaste as Resource? • about 255.000 t household waste per year • about 76.000 t organic waste • about 24.000 t plastic Fractions of household waste in %

10. Rubber 0.1% Organic waste 1.26% Plastic Paper 3.09% 22.69% Metal 72.85% Needs of change in Kosovo Householdwaste as Resource? Treatment (Recycling) of waste 2005 in %

11. 2. Examples for Alternative Energy Technologies • Solar Energy Collectors – using of solar energy • Wind Power Stations – using of wind energy • Geothermic Power Station – using the heat of deep layers in • geological underground • Biogastreatments – production of Methan under anaerobic conditions • from organic sludge, organic waste and organic • waste water • Burning Technologies – using the energy of plants especially from • trees and brushes or waste from forest and • wood industry, production of oil and gas by • plants (oil plants or wood) • Water Power Stations – using of water energy

12. Using of Solar Energy • High developed technology, efficience depended on yearly • rateof sunshine, using for heating of warm water in private • and official buildings especially in summer time Examples Solar Collectors in Berlin

13. Using of Wind Energy • High developed technology, efficience depended on yearly • windrate in a region, using for production of electricity, Wind Power Station

14. Using of Geothermical Energy • First power stations existed with high efficiency, • high risk and high investment, depended on geological situation

15. Using of Water Energy • High developed technology, efficience depended on power • and amount of water in a region, using for production of • electricity, combination - drinking or irrigation water reservoir Water Power Station

16. Burning Technologies • Developed technology, efficience depended on kind of organic • material coming in, using for production of heat water and • electricity Woodpellets Burning of Woodpellets

17. Waste as Energy Resource Production of Biogas • Developed technology, efficience depended on kind of organic • material coming in, using for production of heat water and • electricity – organic waste and sewage sludge can be used Biogastreatments

18. Schema / Biogastreatment

19. Schema / Biogastreatment

20. Schema / Waste Water Treatment and Biogasproduction

21. Energy Efficiences Energy passport for buildings • In 2007 in Germany a new Decree for Energy input in buildings • was established. Up 2009 every public and private building • need an Energypassport. • That means: • Collecting of data about the value of primary energyuse and • CO2 – emission for • heating • climatisation • ventilation • warmwater production • lightening • Comparision with reference buildings • measurements of improvement in the case of reconstruction

22. Energy Efficiences Energy passport for buildings Thermographical investigation of a house Examples for isolations

23. 3. Summary and proposals for Pilot Projects in Kosovo Energy efficience needs a mix of different energy offers, Energy-, Price-, Cost- management and a Reducing of Energy losses especially in the building sector To build up the Alternative Energy Sector in Kosovo improve the Energysituation and the independence of only one resource Decentralisation and Combination between Waste management and energy production reduce costs of energyproduction Following proposals should be realized:

24. Proposals for Pilot Projects in Kosovo Pilot Project for using Solar Energy – public building - Production of warm water Study about possibilities for Wind Power Stations in Kosovo Study about possibilities for regional Water Power Stations Study about possibilities for Geothermical Power Stations

25. Proposals for Pilot Projects in Kosovo • Work out of a Waste management strategy for Kosovo; • Pilot Project – Mechanical-Biological Treatment for household • waste – organic waste - Biogastreatment in combination with • agricultural products • - plastic waste – recycling and/or diesel production • - other fractions of waste – recycling methods Implementation of some decrees for instance for the import of Packaging Material, Energy Saving in buildings and using of Alternative Energy Production Technologies Pilotproject – Energysaving in an Public Building

26. Thank you for your Attention! PD Dr. habil. Frank Riesbeck Humboldt-University at Berlin Germany

27. Woodparticles Depot for woodparts Production in forest Transport from depot to burningstation

28. Production of Woodpellets

29. Production of Woodpellets

30. Burning Technologies Schema -Woodparticles 1. Brennstoffversorgung2. Schubböden3. Hydraulikantriebe4. Stokerschnecke5. Rückbrandklappe6. Brennkammer7. Retorte8. Verbrennungsluftventilator9. Heizflächen10. Rauchgasabsetzkammer 11. Rücklaufanhebung12. Rauchgasableitung13. Wärmeerzeugung14. Multizyklon Saugzug15. Kamin16. Wärmeverteiler17. Netzpumpen18. Druckhaltung/Expansion19. Wohnhäuser20. Wärmeversorgung