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Aspergillus nidulans

Aspergillus nidulans. A short introduction. Overview of the presentation. Phylogenetic tree A. nidulans specific A. nidulans as a model organism Reproduction cycles A. nidulans vs. A. niger. Phylum : Ascomycota. Largest Phylum of fungi (over 64.000) species

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Aspergillus nidulans

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  1. Aspergillusnidulans A short introduction

  2. Overview of the presentation • Phylogenetic tree • A. nidulans specific • A. nidulans as a model organism • Reproduction cycles • A. nidulans vs. A. niger

  3. Phylum: Ascomycota • Largest Phylum of fungi (over 64.000) species • Defining sexual feature: the ascus.

  4. Subphylum: Pezizomycotina • Filamentous fungi • Fission rather then budding Binary Fission Budding

  5. Class: Eurotiomycetes Cleistothecium Order: Eurotiales plate of medium with A nidulans culture The green and blue molds

  6. Family: Trichocomaceae • Aggresive colonization strategies • Adaptable to extreme environmental conditions • For A. nidulans: • Temperature 10-45 oC • pH 2.5-11 • NaCl concentration <4.0 M

  7. Genus: Aspergillus • Highly aerobic • Oligotrophy • Commercially the most important fungi Citric acid http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspergillus http://aspergillusblog.blogspot.com/2008/09/aspergillus-produced-most-of-worlds.html

  8. Aspergillusnidulans • Creates a cleistothecium with ascus inside in the sexual cycle • Filamentous • Cells divide by fission • Green cultures • Can live under ‘extreme’ conditions • Highly aerobic • oligotroph

  9. Aspergillusnidulans • Synonym: Aspergillus nidulellus • Teleomorph: Emericella nidulans • Anamorph: Aspergillus nidulans • Homothallic • Sexual, asexual and parasexual reproduction • Model organism

  10. Reproduction of A. nidulans http://www.nature.com/nrg/journal/v3/n9/box/nrg889_BX1.html

  11. Small part of the phylogenetic tree Why A. nidulans has been chosen as a model organism http://www.broadinstitute.org/annotation/genome/aspergillus_group/MultiHome.html

  12. Sexualdevelopment in E. nidulans http://www.nature.com/nprot/journal/v2/n4/fig_tab/nprot.2007.112_F1.html

  13. Asexualdevelopment in A. nidulans http://www.nature.com/nprot/journal/v2/n4/fig_tab/nprot.2007.112_F1.html

  14. Parasexualcycle in A. nidulans http://www.nature.com/nprot/journal/v2/n4/fig_tab/nprot.2007.112_F1.html

  15. Pathogenity of A. nidulans • Pulmonary infection • Cutaneous aspergillosis • Maxillary sinus disease • Guttural pouch mycosis (in horses) • Cerebral abscess • Endophtalmitis • Osteomyelitis • Superficial infections • Disseminated infections The atlas of clinical fungi p486http://www.doctorfungus.org/thefungi/Aspergillus_nidulans.php

  16. A. niger A. nidulans • Cell biology • Gene regulation • Mitosis • Intracellular functions of mitotic motors • Carbon & nitrogen regulation • Cell cycle • Fungalproteinsecretion • Gene regulation • Cellwallbiosynthesis • Cellmorphology • Carbon metabolism • Nutrient transport • Effects of environmental factors onenzymeproduction • Industrial use http://www.broadinstitute.org/annotation/genome/aspergillus_group/GenomeDescriptions.html

  17. A. niger A. nidulans • Sexual cycle • 8 chromosomes • At least 9 cell types • Research focused on gene control • No sexual cycle • 8 chromosomes • Research focused on protein production and excretion www.broadinstitute.org/annotation/fungi/fgi/sample_whitepaper.pdf nature.com/nbt/journal/v25/n2/fig_tab/nbt1282_F2.html www.broadinstitute.org/annotation/genome/aspergillus_group/GenomeDescriptions.html

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