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FOREIGN POLICY IN THE EARLY 1960S

FOREIGN POLICY IN THE EARLY 1960S. Chapter 28 Section 3 PAGE 807. The Bay of Pigs Invasion. Fidel Castro seize power of Cuba in 1959 He promised to improve the lives of poor people Claimed that the wealthy Cubans and the U.S. companies were exploiting the poor. Bay of Pigs Continued .

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FOREIGN POLICY IN THE EARLY 1960S

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  1. FOREIGN POLICY IN THE EARLY 1960S Chapter 28 Section 3 PAGE 807

  2. The Bay of Pigs Invasion • Fidel Castro seize power of Cuba in 1959 • He promised to improve the lives of poor people Claimed that the wealthy Cubans and the U.S. companies were exploiting the poor.

  3. Bay of Pigs Continued • Castro seized all private property • In response the U.S breaks all ties with Cuba • Does not recognize Castro as the leader

  4. Bay of Pigs Continued • Cuba develops ties with the Soviet Union. • Americans feared that this would lead to chaos in Latin America.

  5. Bay of Pigs America tries to regain Cuba • CIA- Central Intelligence Agency will Training Cuban opponents of Castro to overthrow Castro

  6. Bay of Pigs Continued … • Despite negative approval, Kennedy pushed ahead. • The Bay of Pigs invasion – April 17, 1961 was a total disaster. See link for additional information: http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/history/A0806555.html

  7. The Outcome • The invasion provoked anti-U.S. demonstrations

  8. The Outcome • Latin America criticize the U.S. for • President Kennedy for not using air support

  9. The Outcome • U.S gave millions in food and medicine in return for the P.O.W.s

  10. The Berlin Crisis • After WWII Germany had been divided into four territories. Each one was controlled by the Allies. • The Western regions had been combined into one nation, West Germany • This increased cold war tensions

  11. The Berlin Crisis continued… • The Soviets wanted to stop the flow of East Germans to West Germany which they traveled through Berlin. • The Soviets made an ultimatum that pushed Kennedy to act.

  12. Kennedy’s Action • Increase 3 billion for defense • Doubled the number of young men being drafted into the armed services. • Called up the reserve forces for active duty. • Used 200 million to build fallout shelters across the country.

  13. Berlin Crisis continued … • The Soviet Union responded by building the Berlin wall. • This became a symbol of the cold war.

  14. The Cuban Missile Crisis • A spy plane showed pictures of missiles being built on Cuban soil. • Missiles were a direct challenge to the U.S. in which we must respond. • Throughout the crisis nuclear warheads on both sides were pointed and ready for use.

  15. The Cuban Missile Crisis continued… • Kennedy delivered a speech that demanded that the Soviets remove the missiles. • Authorized a “quarantine” around Cuba.

  16. Cuban Missile Crisis • All ships wanting to dock in Cuba were searched by the U.S navy. • Ships that were headed into Cuba from the Soviet Union were suddenly reversed in direction.

  17. The Cuban Missile Crisis continued… • Khrushchev sent a letter to Kennedy promising to remove the missiles if Kennedy promised to end the quarantine. • They also wanted the U.S to remove its missiles from Turkey in exchange for the removal of the missiles in Cuba. • The crisis ended.

  18. The Outcome • The world was closer to a nuclear war than ever before. • Kennedy emerged as a hero, his reputation improved. • Reduce the risk of nuclear war. • A Hot line is established for discussion in the event or further crisis. • The limited Ban Treaty- banned nuclear testing above the ground.

  19. Alliance for progress • 1961 • Goal is to promote “peaceful revolution” in developing countries. • Purpose- to encourage countries to ally themselves with democratic countries instead of with the Soviet Union. • To counter pro-Communist revolutionary movements in Latin America, Asia, and Africa

  20. Alliance for progress continued … • Needed cooperation from European countries to satisfy the basic needs of North, Central and South America such as: • homes • work • land • health • schools

  21. The Peace Corps • 1961 • Send volunteers abroad as educators, health workers, and technicians to developing countries • Volunteers jobs are • to raise the standard of living in poor areas • Work with the local governments to provide services such as clean water

  22. Johnson’s Foreign Policy • Johnson wrongly assumed that problems in the Dominican Republic were caused by Communist elements. • 22,000 marines were sent to end the disruption.

  23. Vietnam • Ongoing conflict between Communist North and non Communist South Vietnam. • Johnson was determine to prevent the spread of communism • Gave economic aid to South Vietnamese government and opposed more direct U.S. involvement in his 1964 campaign for reelection. • By 1965, more troops and money was sent to aid the government.

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