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Trainings to Avoid Deviations and Incursions

Trainings to Avoid Deviations and Incursions. Trainings to Avoid Deviations and Incursions. A Big Training Challenge Looking for a Solution. Trainings to Avoid Deviations and Incursions.

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Trainings to Avoid Deviations and Incursions

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  1. Trainings to Avoid Deviations and Incursions

  2. Trainings to AvoidDeviations and Incursions A Big Training Challenge Looking for a Solution

  3. Trainings to AvoidDeviations and Incursions “The key feature of this system that make it susceptible to breakdown are that it is constructed of fallible agents (people) that may occasionally make errors in performing task or processing information”. Reference: NASA Technical Memo, “Altitude Deviations: Breakdowns of an Error Tolerant System”.

  4. Trainings to AvoidDeviations and Incursions First Some Definitions • Deviation: An action of or by a pilot that results in a failure to comply with an ATC clearance • 2 - Types of Deviations • Airspace Violations - Horizontal • Altitude Violations - Vertical • Incursion: Same as a deviation but occurring on the airport surface

  5. Trainings to AvoidDeviations and Incursions What is the Problem?

  6. Trainings to AvoidDeviations and Incursions Runway Incursions (2nd Quarter 2008) • 51 events - pilots entering or crossing runway and hold short lines after reading back hold short instructions • 48 events - pilots entering or crossing runway and hold short lines, hold short read back not required • 36 events – pilots landed or departed without clearance • 29 events – pilot taxied wrong route and entered runway or crossed hold short lines

  7. Trainings to AvoidDeviations and Incursions Taxi Incursions Top Five Airports – Runway and Taxi Incursion ATL VGT DFW SFO ORD

  8. Trainings to AvoidDeviations and Incursions

  9. Trainings to AvoidDeviations and Incursions

  10. Trainings to AvoidDeviations and Incursion Examples • Runway Incursion • Altitude Deviation • Airspace Deviation

  11. Trainings to AvoidDeviations and Incursion What is Causing these Problem…Any Common Threads?

  12. Trainings to AvoidDeviations and Incursion Causes • GAO Report indicates that the rate of incursions are increasing and are approaching the peak levels seen in 2001. Reasons cited: • Technology Challenges • Lack of Pertinent Data • Human Factor Issues • FAA data indicates the most common factor cited for losing track of location is that pilot is “heads down” programming FMC, conducting checklists or talking to company/FBO • ASAP root cause often related to CRM

  13. Trainings to AvoidDeviations and Incursion Causes • GAO Report indicates that the rate of incursions are increasing and are approaching the peak levels seen in 2001. Reasons cited: • Technology Challenges • Lack of Pertinent Data • Human Factor Issues • FAA data indicates the most common factor cited for losing track of location is that pilot is “heads down” programming FMC, conducting checklists or talking to company/FBO) • ASAP root cause often related to CRM

  14. Trainings to AvoidDeviations and Incursion What is Needed to Solve the Problem • More Data • Awareness • Understanding of Human Factors • Ergonomics • Procedures • Checklist Design • “Culture” • Training • Technology • Experience • Enforcement

  15. Trainings to AvoidDeviations and Incursion What is Needed to Solve the Problem • More Data • Awareness • Understanding of Human Factors • Ergonomics • Procedures • Checklist Design • “Culture” • Training • Technology • Experience • Enforcement

  16. Trainings to AvoidDeviations and Incursion “Focused” Training Model Safety FAA Operations Training Data Others Need Root Cause Objectives to Address Root Cause(s) Train Skills Knowledge Performance

  17. Trainings to AvoidDeviations and Incursion What Might We Train? • Knowledge • Policy: • Automation • “Heads-up” • Sterile Cockpit • Procedures • Man Machine Theory • Operating in an Error Tolerant System • Skills • FMS Usage • Auto-flight • Man machine protocol • Performance • Realistic Training Devices • Modeled Airports • Ground and Air “Chatter” • Realistic Scenario Training (LOE and LOFTS)

  18. Trainings to AvoidDeviations and Incursion Questions

  19. Trainings to AvoidDeviations and Incursion Backup

  20. Trainings to AvoidDeviations and Incursions Runway Incursion: • Pilot Deviations (PD): what we’re focused on here today The other two classifications of Runway Incursion include: • Operational Error/Deviation (OE/D):The failure of an air traffic controller to follow procedures resulting in loss of separation or instructing an aircraft to takeoff or land on a closed runway. • Vehicle/Pedestrian Deviations (PP/D): Any unauthorized entry to an airport Movement Area by a vehicle or pedestrian or failure to follow procedures and/or Air Traffic Instruction.

  21. Trainings to AvoidDeviations and Incursions FY 2004-2007 FY 2008 YTD (06/29/08)

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