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Lenses

Lenses. Essential Question: How are images formed with lenses?. Warm-up:. Describe what’s happening in these two photos. Be as descriptive as possible and be sure to use the correct vocabulary. Refraction and Lenses.

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Lenses

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  1. Lenses • Essential Question: How are images formed with lenses?

  2. Warm-up: • Describe what’s happening in these two photos. Be as descriptive as possible and be sure to use the correct vocabulary.

  3. Refraction and Lenses • When light crosses the boundary between two different materials the rays bend. • A lens is a curved piece of glass that is used to bend light rays to a single point called the focal point.

  4. Types of lenses • There are two types of lenses: converging lenses and diverging lenses. • Converging lenses (convex lens) bend light toward the focal point. • Diverging lenses (concave lens) bend light away from the focal point

  5. Ray Diagram • A ray diagram traces several light rays as they go through the system. • The rays come from the object and are bent or bounced as they encounter a lens or a mirror. • The location where the bent or bounced rays meet is the location of the image.

  6. E. Plane vs Concave vs Convex 1. Plane mirror – a flat, smooth mirror 2. Concave mirror or lens – The surface is “caved in” (similar to the “cup” of a spoon) 3. Convex mirror or lens – The surface is “bowed outward” (similar to the back of a spoon) F. Principle Axis – a horizontal line of symmetry running through the mirror or lens. The base of the object sits on this line

  7. G. Focal point – The location at which all light rays would intersect as they hit a curved mirror or lens H. Focal length (f) – The distance from the focal point to the mirror or lens.

  8. III. Ray diagrams in Lenses (Refraction)

  9. IV. Optics Math/Calculations A. Lens/Mirror Equation 1/f = 1/di + 1/do f = focal length di = distance from image to mirror/lens do = distance from object to mirror/lens

  10. B. Magnification m = hi/ho m = magnification (how much bigger or smaller the image is) hi = the size/height of the image ho = the size/height of the object m = -di/do m = magnification di = distance from image to the mirror/lens do = distance from object to mirror/lens Both can be combined: hi/ho = -di/do

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