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4.6.3 Host galaxies of AGN 4.6.4 The unified model of AGN. 28 th Feb. 2007 Skarma Kim. Host galaxies of AGN. Some LINERs reside in the centers of E The majority of these systems appear to be fairly normal spiral galaxies. But radio galaxies are found to be elliptical galaxies.
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4.6.3 Host galaxies of AGN4.6.4 The unified model of AGN 28th Feb. 2007 Skarma Kim
Host galaxies of AGN • Some LINERs reside in the centers of E • The majority of these systems appear to be fairly normal spiral galaxies. • But radio galaxies are found to be elliptical galaxies
Quasar? QSO? • Quasars all seem to be hosted by giant elliptical galaxies. • The morphologies of the QSO host galaxies is less clear-cut: although some of these galaxies are gE, others are probably disk galaxies. • Thus it is not clear whether QSOs are more closely related to quasars or Seyferts. NGC7319
Quasar? QSO? z=5.15, wfsj2245+0024
Interactions with other galaxies • Imaging with HST has revealed multiple nuclei, close companions and tidal tails in several systems
Every rule has an exception • The vast majority of BL Lacs, like other radio-bright AGN, appear to be hosted by elliptical galaxies, but an HST image of one BL Lac, PKS1413+135, reveals that it is located in an edge-on spiral galaxy.
The unified model of AGN • The differences of AGN in observational properties 1) significantly more luminous 2) produce jets 3) a given AGN can have very different observational properties depending on the direction from which one views it
Direct evidence • The emission from ionized material in the core of the seyfert 2 galaxy NGC1068. • The wedge-shaped geometry suggests that the ionizing radiation is being beamed out from an AGN in a cone.
Eddington luminosity • The power emitted by an AGN is believed to be derived from the accretion of matter on to a BH. • A bright QSO with a luminosity of ~1012L⊙ requires a black hole of mass > 3x107M⊙ • The primary factor which affects the luminosity produced by a given black hole is the rate at which it accretes material
Unsolved problem • Many other questions about AGN are also as yet unresolved. • The fact that radio-loud AGN are generally located in elliptical galaxies while radio-quiet AGN tend to be found in spirals must be relevant.