1 / 11

Metabolism

Metabolism. Metabolism. chemical reactions in making and breaking bonds carbohydrates – glucose triglycerides – glycerol and fatty acids proteins – amino acids. Lipid Metabolism. fat gives us 2X the energy of carbs and proteins efficient storage in adipose tissue

skip
Download Presentation

Metabolism

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Metabolism

  2. Metabolism • chemical reactions in making and breaking bonds • carbohydrates – glucose • triglycerides – glycerol and fatty acids • proteins – amino acids

  3. Lipid Metabolism • fat gives us 2X the energy of carbs and proteins • efficient storage in adipose tissue • food fat is converted to body fat by absorbing parts and putting back together again inside the cell • very little energy is needed Large central globule of (pure) fat

  4. fat supplies 60% of body's energy during rest • more during activity • when needed fat (triglyceride) is dismantled and released as glycerol and fatty acids into the blood where it is easily accessible by the cells

  5. Carbohydrate Metabolism • 1/3 of body’s glycogen is stored in liver • released as glucose to bloodstream • eat – intake glucose • liver condenses extra glucose to glycogen • blood glucose falls • liver hydrolyzes glycogen to glucose Glycogen is bulky, so we store only so much: short term energy supply Fat is the long term energy supply.

  6. Glucose for Energy • enzymes break apart glucose – yielding energy • inadequate supply of carbohydrates • ketone bodies (fat fragments) are an alternate energy source during starvation • excess ketones can lead to ketosis: imbalance of acids in body • minimum of 50 – 100 grams of carbs/day are needed to avoid ketosis

  7. Protein Metabolism • protein turnover • constant making and breaking of proteins • frees amino acids to “amino acid pool” • can be used to make body proteins • nonessential amino acids can be made from other amino acids

  8. amino acid pool • stripped of nitrogens and made available for energy • deamination • can make other compounds such as melanin • make fat • amino acids are deaminated, nitrogen is excreted, carbon is converted to fat and stored • protein-rich foods can cause weight gain

  9. Feasting and Fasting

  10. Feasting and Fasting

  11. Fasting • several hours after a meal, glucose is used up • protein is used for energy • shift to ketosis • suppresses appetite • hormones slow metabolism • eventually starvation

More Related