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RHINOVIRUSES Cause of common cold (rhinitis) Symptoms of Rhinitis: @ Runny nose @ Headache.

RHINOVIRUSES Cause of common cold (rhinitis) Symptoms of Rhinitis: @ Runny nose @ Headache. @ Sneezing @ Cough @ Sore throat. Properties: @ It is an RNA virus of the Picorna family @ It is a small icosahedral, single stranded RNA.

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RHINOVIRUSES Cause of common cold (rhinitis) Symptoms of Rhinitis: @ Runny nose @ Headache.

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  1. RHINOVIRUSES • Cause of common cold (rhinitis) • Symptoms of Rhinitis: • @ Runny nose • @ Headache. • @ Sneezing • @ Cough • @ Sore throat.

  2. Properties: @ It is an RNA virus of the Picorna family @ It is a small icosahedral, single stranded RNA. @ Have over 100 serotypes and infection with one serotype does not induce immunity to others.

  3. Lab. Diagnosis: @ Collect nasal swabs & mouth washings @ Inoculate human embryo lung cells and look for CPE. @ Serology not practical because of the large number of serotypes. @ Culture is not done routinely .

  4. Adenoviruses • @ Over 40 serotypes of adenoviruses • are grouped into six subgenera (A-F) • @ Subgenus F contains serotypes 40 • and 41 which causes eye infections. • Diseases caused by adenoviruses: • @ Tonsillitis, conjunctivitis, cough • @ Pneumonia , Gastroenteritis • @ Meningitis, hepatitis.

  5. Properties: @ Double stranded DNA virus @ Icosahedral capsid, with fibre knobs projecting from outside Lab. Diagnosis: @ Collect mouth washings, throat swabs, faeces. blood @ Inoculate human embryonic cells or Hela cells. @ Serology @ Electron microscopy

  6. Parainfluenza Viruses Properties: @ Family : Paramyxoviruses @ RNA viruses, single-stranded RNA with large envelope, helical capsid @ Have 4 serotypes. @ Immunity is not long-lasting and reinfections are common.

  7. Diseases: @ Croup (acute laryngotracheobronchitis) presents with hoarseness, cough and inspiratory stridor . @ Common cold (coryza), sore throat, fever, @ Pneumonia in young children

  8. Lab.Diagnosis: @ Specimens: mouth washings, throat swabs, nasopharyngeal aspirates @ Inoculate: monkey kidney tissue cultures. Observe: the slow CPE @ Type virus: by neutralization test by standard antisera. @ Direct microscopy by immuno- fluorescence @ Serology: of limited value.

  9. Respiratory Syncytial Virus Properties: @ It is a paramyxovirus @ RNA virus, single-stranded, enveloped, helical capsid. @ It has one serotype @ Causes outbreaks of RST infections in winter

  10. Diseases: @ Common Colds @ Bronchiolitis in infants, fever, cough, @ Pneumonia

  11. Lab. Diagnosis: @ Specimens: mouth washings, nasopharyngeal aspirates @ Direct immunofluorescence microscopy @ Inoculate: HeLa cells. Observe: for the CPE of syncytia of giant cells. @ Typing by immunofluorescence or CFT using standard antisera @ Serology: by CFT

  12. Coronaviruses Properties: @ The term "corona" refers to the spikes protruding from the envelope. @ It has single-stranded RNA, enveloped, helical capsid . @ Have 3 serotypes

  13. Diseases: @ Coronaviruses cause common colds. @ Associated with SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) that occurred in China in 2003. @ No antiviral drugs or preventive measures are available.

  14. Laboratory diagnosis: @ Isolated with difficulty in the laboratory in human embryo trachea and look for CPE. @ cytology of lung tissue @ Diagnosis is done by serology @ PCR is being used on research basis.

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