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Volcanoes

Volcanoes. 8 th grade Physical Science. How are Volcanoes Formed?. Gases force magma, melted rock in the Earth to rise. If magma breaks through the Earth’s surface, a volcano is formed. Three Different Types of Volcanoes. Shield Volcano Composite Cone Volcano Cinder Cone Volcano.

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Volcanoes

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  1. Volcanoes 8th grade Physical Science

  2. How are Volcanoes Formed? • Gases force magma, melted rock in the Earth to rise. If magma breaks through the Earth’s surface, a volcano is formed.

  3. Three Different Types of Volcanoes • Shield Volcano • Composite Cone Volcano • Cinder Cone Volcano

  4. Shield Volcano • They release relatively fast-moving less gassy lava, and tend to have less explosive eruptions than other types of volcanoes. • People often walk fairly close to these erupting volcanoes. • They usually form large, broad volcanoes.

  5. Mount Bachelor in Oregon

  6. Composite Cone Volcano • These volcanoes have explosive eruptions as a result of more gassy magma. • They are formed from layers of lava and ash. • Composite Cones are also known as stratovolcanoes.

  7. Mount St. Helens in Washington

  8. Cinder Cone Volcano • These are the smallest and most common volcanoes • They are formed from explosive eruptions that shoot small pieces of magma and ash into the air. • The magma then cools and hardens as it falls back to the Earth, forming a cinder cone. • In many cases, cinder cones form on the sides of a larger volcano.

  9. Mt. Etna in Italy

  10. Active Volcano • Active volcanoes is one that has erupted since the last ice age approximately in the past 10,000 years.

  11. Dormant Volcano • Dormant volcanoes would then be one that hasn’t erupted in the past 10,000 years, but it is expected to erupt again.

  12. Extinct Volcano • Extinct Volcanoes would be one that nobody expects to ever erupt again.

  13. Two Types of Eruptions • More gassy eruptions • Less gassy eruptions

  14. More Gassy Eruptions • Explosive and violent eruption and magma shoots out of the volcano.

  15. Less Gassy Eruptions • More quiet eruption. The magma just flows smoothly out of the volcano.

  16. Ring of Fire • Many volcanic eruptions have occurred worldwide.

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