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Ch 15, Sec 2: Feudalism

Ch 15, Sec 2: Feudalism. Main Ideas: How did feudalism start? How did feudalism work? What was life like in Medieval Europe?. Post-Charlemagne Europe. A.D. 1000 Kings did not have control of huge countries Nobles had the power of small areas of land Feudalism:

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Ch 15, Sec 2: Feudalism

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  1. Ch 15, Sec 2: Feudalism Main Ideas: How did feudalism start? How did feudalism work? What was life like in Medieval Europe?

  2. Post-Charlemagne Europe • A.D. 1000 • Kings did not have control of huge countries • Nobles had the power of small areas of land • Feudalism: • Landowning nobles controlled and protected the people in return for services and loyalty.

  3. How feudalism works

  4. Nobles • Under the king • King gave them power to control small plots of land • Had vassals under them • Pledged loyalty to the king • Gave the king troops to fight wars

  5. Vassals/knights • people who served under higher ranking nobles • Protected the nobles • Ran/belonged in the armies • Given land called fiefs for their service • Was in charge of smaller plots of land • Fought wars/protected the Nobles/King

  6. New Technology 700 A.D.-1200 A.D. • Knights: • Rode horses • Had chain mail and armor • Used swords and shields • Used a lance (spear)

  7. Peasants/serfs • Poor people who lived on the knights’/nobles’ land • Farmers and city people • Worked on the lord’s land 3 days a week in return for protection from the knights • Owned by whoever owned the land they worked on

  8. Manors • Plots of land owned by the lords • Ran by wives when the men went to war • Had free peasants and serfs work the land • Serfs • Could not leave the land • Could not marry without permission • Could not own property • Escaped for freedom in towns or bought their freedom

  9. New Technology in Farming • Iron plows-broke up the soil easier • Horse collar-put on horses to pull the plows • Both inventions allowed for more food to be planted/grown • Rotated crops on 3 fields keeping soil fertile

  10. Code of Chivalry • A code explaining how knights/nobles should act. • Knights: • Obey their nobles • Be brave/honest • Fight fair • Respect women and children • Go to church • Help others

  11. How did people live? • Nobles: • Lived in castles surrounded by farm land • Peasants: • Lived in wood framed cottages covered in clay • 1-2 rooms • Straw roofs • Worked year around accept for Sundays and Catholic feast days

  12. Benefits of Feudalism • More food was grown/produced • Bridges and roads were fixed/created • Thieves were arrested • Law and order was restored • Trade increased • Created banks • Towns grew bigger • Venice, Italy • Flanders, Belgium

  13. People Living in Cities • Paid taxes to nobles • Had more freedom than farmers • Could buy/sell property • Did not have to serve in the army • Males could become citizens and elect gov’t officials

  14. Rise of a Middle Class • Towns offered people the chance to find new jobs • Guilds-business groups based on types of jobs • Ex: tanners, carpenters, bakers, blacksmiths, etc • Set prices for goods • Decided who could join the guilds • Apprentice-journeyman, master

  15. City Life • Very crowded • Houses were 2-3 stories tall • Dirty, smelly, and full of disease • Could not use the river for drinking water • Men worked in guilds

  16. Women in the City • Worked at home and with their husbands • Could take over their husband’s job if he died • Could have their own jobs to make extra money

  17. Sources • http://www.middle-ages.org.uk/feudalism.htm • World History: Journey Across Time textbook • Google Images

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