Agenda 3-13/3-14

1. Warm-Up What was one way that Georgia helped in fighting WWI? Agenda 3-13/3-14 Warm-up writing Project Test Friday Take out your Warm-up sheet. All Warm-ups due Friday. BYOD – What was Franz Ferdinand’s wife’s name?

2. Standards SS8H7c Explain the roles of Booker T. Washington, W.E.B. DuBois, John and Lugenia Burns Hope, and Alonzo Herndon. SS8H7b Analyze how rights were denied to African Americans through Jim Crow laws, Plessy v. Ferguson, disenfranchisement, and racial violence.

3. Standards SS8H7d Give the reasons for World War 1 and describe Georgia’s contributions. SS8H8a Describe the impact of the boll weevil and drought on Georgia.

4. County Unit System • 1917- This act established the County Unit System for voting. • Counties were divided into urban, town, and rural groups. • Each group got a certain number of votes. • There were more rural counties. This meant that rural voters had more control over state government than the urban voters. • Unfair to urban voters.

5. Jim Crow Laws • These were laws established by southern states during the Post-Reconstruction era that mandated segregation. • Public facilities were to have separate places labeled “Whites Only” and “Colored.” • These laws were written in a way that they did not violate the Constitution, but were still racist.

6. Jim Crow Laws

7. Plessy v. Ferguson • 1896- Homer Plessy was arrested on a train for refusing to move from a “Whites Only” car. • Case went to the Supreme Court. • Supreme Court ruled that it was legal for races to be separate and it did not violate the Constitution. • Said separate facilities for coloreds were alright as long as they were equal to the white’s facilities. • Called “Separate but Equal”. • Colored facilities were rarely equal.

8. Disenfranchisement • An attempt by southern governments to prevent blacks from voting by finding loopholes in the 15th amendment. • How they did it: • Poll Tax- voter had to pay to vote. Most blacks were poor and couldn’t pay. (Also hurt poor whites).

9. Disenfranchisement • How they did it: • Literacy Test- had to pass a reading test to vote. Most former slaves were uneducated and would fail the test.

10. Disenfranchisement • How they did it: • Grandfather Clause- allowed anyone with an ancestor who could vote before 1867 to be allowed to vote. This let poor whites vote. They were “Grandfathered in”.

11. Disenfranchisement • How they did it: • White primaries- Blacks were not allowed to vote in Democratic Primary Elections.

12. Racial Violence • Racial violence, supported by the KKK and White Supremacists continued. • Many whites did not like blacks getting new rights.

13. Booker T. Washington • President of Tuskegee Institute, he supported a gradual approach to fixing racism in the south. • He supported the Atlanta Compromise—having whites and blacks work together to improve the situation.

14. W.E.B. DuBois • Aprofessor at Atlanta University, he shared B.T. Washington’s desire for equality, but did not like the gradual approach. • Called each lynching “a scar upon my soul”. • Wrote the book The Souls of Black Folk. • Founded the Niagra movement to fight for total racial equality. • He and the movement founded the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP).

15. John and Lugenia Burns Hope • Educators who supported more rights for blacks. • John Hope- first African American president of Morehouse College and later Atlanta University. Supported DuBois, the Niagra movement and the NAACP. • Lugenia Burns Hope- civil rights activist, wanted suffrage for women, and created the first welfare agency for African Americans.

16. Alonzo Herndon • Wealthy African American who began life as a slave, opened barber shops and eventually built the Atlanta Mutual Insurance Company (worth $200 million). • Donated to black causes • Founded the National Negro Business League with B.T. Washington. • With W.E.B. Du Bois, created the Niagra movement (that became the NAACP).

17. World War I • 1914-1918 • Started when Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary was assassinated by a Serbian. War was declared. • Alliances formed

18. World War I • US wanted to stay neutral, but… • Germany sank the Lusitania- a British ship carrying many Americans, and… • In the Zimmerman Telegram, Germany asked Mexico to join the Central Powers against the US. • At the time it was called the Great War.

19. World War I • Georgia’s contributions: • Soldiers- • 5 military installations • 85,000 to 100,000 Georgians joined the military • Training • Most training camps of any state • Camp Gordon • Flight School- 200 pilots trained for war • Prisoner Camp • 4,000 prisoners kept in Georgia

20. World War I • The war ended in 1918 with the Allies defeating the Central Powers. • 16.5 million were killed during the war with 21 million wounded.

21. Boll Weevil • Around 1915-1925, a beetle, called the boll weevil, was introduced to Georgia. • The pest destroyed the cotton crops all over the Southeast. • Georgia’s economy was dependent on “King Cotton.” • Economy suffered from the infestation.

22. Drought • 1924- major drought hit Georgia. • Same time period as the Dust Bowl in the Midwest • Combination of the boll weevil, the drought, and overuse of land seriously damaged Georgia’s economy. Cotton Corn

23. Use your book to answer the questions.

24. Project 1. Each week, complete a minimum of 5 review pages from your notes. 2. Each page will contain information from a section of the notes. 3. Each page will be written neatly and contain at least one illustration.